Anne Toussaint1, Bernd Löwe2, Elmar Brähler3, Pascal Jordan4. 1. Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and Schön Klinik Hamburg Eilbek, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: a.toussaint@uke.de. 2. Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and Schön Klinik Hamburg Eilbek, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: b.loewe@uke.de. 3. Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. Electronic address: Elmar.Braehler@medizin.uni-leipzig.de. 4. Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and Schön Klinik Hamburg Eilbek, Hamburg, Germany. Electronic address: p.jordan@uke.de.
Abstract
PURPOSE: The Somatic Symptom Disorder - B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) assesses the psychological features of DSM-5 Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD). The present study investigates the dimensionality and psychometric properties in a general population sample and provides norm values. METHOD: Test dimensionality was evaluated via confirmatory factor analysis and nonparametric item response theory. Correlational analyses and logistic regression models based on related measures (SSS 8, PHQ-2, GAD-2, Health Care Utilization) were used to derive predictive validity. Age and gender specific norms were derived via quantile regression. RESULTS: The SSD-12 has good item characteristics and excellent reliability (Cronbach's α=0.95). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a high correlation between the three proposed psychological subscales interpreted as cognitive, affective and behavioral aspects, indicating a general factor model of the SSD-12 in the general population (n=2362, CFI=0.99, TLI=0.998, RMSEA=0.09, 90% CI: 0.09-0.1). SSD-12 total sum-score was significantly associated with somatic symptom burden (r=0.73, p<0.001), general anxiety (r=0.63, p<0.001) and depressive symptoms (r=0.64, p<0.001). Patients with a higher SSD-12 symptom burden reported higher general physical and mental health impairment and a significantly higher health care use. CONCLUSION: The SSD-12 is a reliable and valid self-report measure of the psychological characteristics of DSM-5 Somatic Symptom Disorder. The provided norms enable researchers and clinicians to compare SSD-12 scores with reference values of a general population sample.
PURPOSE: The Somatic Symptom Disorder - B Criteria Scale (SSD-12) assesses the psychological features of DSM-5 Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD). The present study investigates the dimensionality and psychometric properties in a general population sample and provides norm values. METHOD: Test dimensionality was evaluated via confirmatory factor analysis and nonparametric item response theory. Correlational analyses and logistic regression models based on related measures (SSS 8, PHQ-2, GAD-2, Health Care Utilization) were used to derive predictive validity. Age and gender specific norms were derived via quantile regression. RESULTS: The SSD-12 has good item characteristics and excellent reliability (Cronbach's α=0.95). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed a high correlation between the three proposed psychological subscales interpreted as cognitive, affective and behavioral aspects, indicating a general factor model of the SSD-12 in the general population (n=2362, CFI=0.99, TLI=0.998, RMSEA=0.09, 90% CI: 0.09-0.1). SSD-12 total sum-score was significantly associated with somatic symptom burden (r=0.73, p<0.001), general anxiety (r=0.63, p<0.001) and depressive symptoms (r=0.64, p<0.001). Patients with a higher SSD-12 symptom burden reported higher general physical and mental health impairment and a significantly higher health care use. CONCLUSION: The SSD-12 is a reliable and valid self-report measure of the psychological characteristics of DSM-5 Somatic Symptom Disorder. The provided norms enable researchers and clinicians to compare SSD-12 scores with reference values of a general population sample.
Authors: Bernd Löwe; James Levenson; Miriam Depping; Paul Hüsing; Sebastian Kohlmann; Marco Lehmann; Meike Shedden-Mora; Anne Toussaint; Natalie Uhlenbusch; Angelika Weigel Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2021-11-15 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Katrin Müller; Katharina Zwingmann; Tina Auerswald; Ivo Berger; Andreas Thomas; Anna-Lena Schultz; Eva Wilhelm; Rainer-Christian Weber; Franziska Kolb; Alois Wastlhuber; Sylvia Meder; Michael Stegbauer Journal: Front Rehabil Sci Date: 2022-01-31
Authors: Severin Hennemann; Katja Böhme; Harald Baumeister; Eileen Bendig; Maria Kleinstäuber; David Daniel Ebert; Michael Witthöft Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2018-12-31 Impact factor: 2.692