Stan Janssen1, Kim Heiwegen2, Iris Alm van Rooij3, Horst Scharbatke2, Jolt Roukema4, Ivo de Blaauw2, Sanne Mbi Botden5. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis's, Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands. 2. Department of Surgery-Division of Pediatric Surgery, Radboudumc - Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 3. Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Radboudumc-Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. 5. Department of Surgery-Division of Pediatric Surgery, Radboudumc - Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: sanne.botden@radboudumc.nl.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patients born with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) have a high mortality and morbidity. After discharge, complications and long-term morbidity are still encountered. This study describes the factors related to the surgical long-term outcomes in CDH survivors. METHODS: A cohort of CDH patients born between 2000 and 2014, with a minimum of two years follow up, were included in this retrospective study. Demographics, CDH specific characteristics, treatment, and long-term surgical outcome were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: 112 patients were included, with a mean follow up of 7.3 years (SD 3.8). The majority had primary repair, but 31% received patch repair. Recurrence was reported in 7% of all patients. However, recurrence risk increased for patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment (ORadjusted: 6.3, 95% CI: 1.2-33.9). This risk was highest for patients needing both ECMO and patch repair (OR: 11.2, 95% CI: 2.3-54.1). Small bowel obstructions (SBO) were observed in 20% and was associated with patch repair (ORadjusted: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.2-10.0), but ECMO treatment seemed to reduce this risk (ORadjusted: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.0-1.0). Thoracic deformations (36%) was diagnosed most often after patch repair, especially when ECMO was needed (60%) as well. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective study shows that the incidence of surgical long-term morbidity of CDH is relatively high, with different factors accounting for this. Diaphragmatic hernia recurrence was strongest associated with ECMO treatment in combination with patch repair, while SBO's were associated with patch repair, with an unexpected protective effect of ECMO treatment. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective comparative study - Level III evidence.
BACKGROUND:Patients born with a congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) have a high mortality and morbidity. After discharge, complications and long-term morbidity are still encountered. This study describes the factors related to the surgical long-term outcomes in CDH survivors. METHODS: A cohort of CDH patients born between 2000 and 2014, with a minimum of two years follow up, were included in this retrospective study. Demographics, CDH specific characteristics, treatment, and long-term surgical outcome were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: 112 patients were included, with a mean follow up of 7.3 years (SD 3.8). The majority had primary repair, but 31% received patch repair. Recurrence was reported in 7% of all patients. However, recurrence risk increased for patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment (ORadjusted: 6.3, 95% CI: 1.2-33.9). This risk was highest for patients needing both ECMO and patch repair (OR: 11.2, 95% CI: 2.3-54.1). Small bowel obstructions (SBO) were observed in 20% and was associated with patch repair (ORadjusted: 3.5, 95% CI: 1.2-10.0), but ECMO treatment seemed to reduce this risk (ORadjusted: 0.2, 95% CI: 0.0-1.0). Thoracic deformations (36%) was diagnosed most often after patch repair, especially when ECMO was needed (60%) as well. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective study shows that the incidence of surgical long-term morbidity of CDH is relatively high, with different factors accounting for this. Diaphragmatic hernia recurrence was strongest associated with ECMO treatment in combination with patch repair, while SBO's were associated with patch repair, with an unexpected protective effect of ECMO treatment. TYPE OF STUDY: Retrospective comparative study - Level III evidence.
Authors: Kim Heiwegen; Iris A L M van Rooij; Arno van Heijst; Ivo de Blaauw; Sanne M B I Botden Journal: World J Surg Date: 2020-06 Impact factor: 3.352
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