Sarah L Sheridan1, Helen E Quinn2, Brynley P Hull3, Robert S Ware4, Keith Grimwood5, Stephen B Lambert6. 1. School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia. Electronic address: sarah.sheridan@unsw.edu.au. 2. National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. Electronic address: helen.quinn@health.nsw.gov.au. 3. National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. Electronic address: brynley.hull@health.nsw.gov.au. 4. School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; UQ Child Health Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia. Electronic address: r.ware@uq.edu.au. 5. Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; Departments of Infectious Disease and Paediatrics, Gold Coast Health, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia. Electronic address: k.grimwood@griffith.edu.au. 6. UQ Child Health Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia; Communicable Diseases Branch, Queensland Health, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia. Electronic address: sblambert@uq.edu.au.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In November 2005, Australia introduced a publicly funded single dose of varicella vaccine for children aged 18-months. We describe the impact of this program on varicella hospitalisations in Queensland and provide the first assessment of single-dose varicella vaccine effectiveness in Australia since the program commenced. METHODS: Age-standardised varicella hospitalisation rates were calculated for 2000-2014 and pre- and post-public funding period rates compared. Case-control studies were conducted to investigate the association between vaccine receipt and both varicella hospitalisations and uncomplicated varicella emergency department presentations. Cases were matched to controls from a population-based register by date of birth and state of residence. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1-odds ratio)×100%. RESULTS: Compared to the pre-funded period (2000-2003), age-standardised varicella hospitalisation rates declined by more than 70% in 2011-2014 with varicella principal diagnosis rates declining from 5.7 to 1.6 per 100,000 population per year. Varicella vaccine effectiveness at preventing hospitalisation with a principal diagnosis of varicella among children aged 19-months to 6-years was 81.9% (95% confidence interval: 61.8-91.4%), while for emergency department presentations among children aged 19-months to 8-years it was 57.9% (95% confidence interval: 48.5-65.5%). CONCLUSIONS: In Australia, the single-dose varicella vaccination program has substantially reduced varicella morbidity. The single-dose varicella vaccine schedule is moderately-to-highly effective against hospitalisation, but appears less effective against emergency department presentations.
BACKGROUND: In November 2005, Australia introduced a publicly funded single dose of varicella vaccine for children aged 18-months. We describe the impact of this program on varicella hospitalisations in Queensland and provide the first assessment of single-dose varicella vaccine effectiveness in Australia since the program commenced. METHODS: Age-standardised varicella hospitalisation rates were calculated for 2000-2014 and pre- and post-public funding period rates compared. Case-control studies were conducted to investigate the association between vaccine receipt and both varicella hospitalisations and uncomplicated varicella emergency department presentations. Cases were matched to controls from a population-based register by date of birth and state of residence. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1-odds ratio)×100%. RESULTS: Compared to the pre-funded period (2000-2003), age-standardised varicella hospitalisation rates declined by more than 70% in 2011-2014 with varicella principal diagnosis rates declining from 5.7 to 1.6 per 100,000 population per year. Varicella vaccine effectiveness at preventing hospitalisation with a principal diagnosis of varicella among children aged 19-months to 6-years was 81.9% (95% confidence interval: 61.8-91.4%), while for emergency department presentations among children aged 19-months to 8-years it was 57.9% (95% confidence interval: 48.5-65.5%). CONCLUSIONS: In Australia, the single-dose varicella vaccination program has substantially reduced varicella morbidity. The single-dose varicella vaccine schedule is moderately-to-highly effective against hospitalisation, but appears less effective against emergency department presentations.
Authors: Pello Latasa; Angel Gil de Miguel; Maria Dolores Barranco Ordoñez; Inmaculada Rodero Garduño; Juan Carlos Sanz Moreno; María Ordobás Gavín; María Esteban Vasallo; Macarena Garrido-Estepa; Luis García-Comas Journal: Hum Vaccin Immunother Date: 2018-06-22 Impact factor: 3.452
Authors: Angela Gentile; María Del Valle Juarez; María Florencia Lucion; María Natalia Pejito; Ana Clara Martínez; Agostina Folino; Mariana Viegas; Norberto Giglio Journal: Vaccine X Date: 2021-12-21