Margaret A Fitzpatrick1, Katie J Suda2, Charlesnika T Evans3, Robert J Hunkler4, Frances Weaver5, Glen T Schumock6. 1. Department of Veterans Affairs, Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, and Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL margaret.fitzpatrick@lumc.edu. 2. Department of Veterans Affairs, Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, and Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcomes and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL. 3. Department of Veterans Affairs, Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, and Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL. 4. QuintilesIMS, Professor Relations, Fountain Hills, AZ. 5. Department of Veterans Affairs, Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Hines, IL, and Department of Public Health Sciences, Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL. 6. Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Overall and specific class trends in systemic antifungal expenditures in various U.S. healthcare settings from 2005 through 2015 were evaluated. METHODS: Systemic antifungal expenditures from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2015, were obtained from the QuintilesIMS National Sales Perspective database, which provides a statistically valid projection of medication purchases from multiple markets throughout the United States. Summary data for total antifungal expenditures over the entire period are reported, as are growth and the percentage change in expenditures from one year to the next. Expenditures were also assessed specifically by year, class, and healthcare setting. Expenditure trends over the study period were assessed using simple linear trend regression models. RESULTS: Overall expenditures for the 11-year period were $9.37 billion. The greatest proportion of expenditures occurred in nonfederal hospitals (47.2%) and for triazoles (57.6%). From 2005 through 2015, total expenditures decreased from $1.1 billion to $894 million (-18.8%, p = 0.09); however, expenditures in clinics and retail pharmacies increased (202%, p < 0.01, and 13.8%, p = 0.04, respectively), a trend most pronounced after 2012. Expenditures for flucytosine also increased (968.1%, p < 0.01), particularly in clinics where there was a dramatic 6,640.9% increase (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: From 2005 through 2015, an increase in systemic antifungal expenditures was observed in community settings, despite an overall decrease in total antifungal expenditures in the United States. Large increases in flucytosine expenditures were observed, particularly in the community.
PURPOSE: Overall and specific class trends in systemic antifungal expenditures in various U.S. healthcare settings from 2005 through 2015 were evaluated. METHODS: Systemic antifungal expenditures from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2015, were obtained from the QuintilesIMS National Sales Perspective database, which provides a statistically valid projection of medication purchases from multiple markets throughout the United States. Summary data for total antifungal expenditures over the entire period are reported, as are growth and the percentage change in expenditures from one year to the next. Expenditures were also assessed specifically by year, class, and healthcare setting. Expenditure trends over the study period were assessed using simple linear trend regression models. RESULTS: Overall expenditures for the 11-year period were $9.37 billion. The greatest proportion of expenditures occurred in nonfederal hospitals (47.2%) and for triazoles (57.6%). From 2005 through 2015, total expenditures decreased from $1.1 billion to $894 million (-18.8%, p = 0.09); however, expenditures in clinics and retail pharmacies increased (202%, p < 0.01, and 13.8%, p = 0.04, respectively), a trend most pronounced after 2012. Expenditures for flucytosine also increased (968.1%, p < 0.01), particularly in clinics where there was a dramatic 6,640.9% increase (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: From 2005 through 2015, an increase in systemic antifungal expenditures was observed in community settings, despite an overall decrease in total antifungal expenditures in the United States. Large increases in flucytosine expenditures were observed, particularly in the community.
Authors: Kaitlin Benedict; Sharon V Tsay; Monina G Bartoces; Snigdha Vallabhaneni; Brendan R Jackson; Lauri A Hicks Journal: Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol Date: 2022-12-22
Authors: Melissa D Johnson; Russell E Lewis; Elizabeth S Dodds Ashley; Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner; Theoklis Zaoutis; George R Thompson; David R Andes; Thomas J Walsh; Peter G Pappas; Oliver A Cornely; John R Perfect; Dimitrios P Kontoyiannis Journal: J Infect Dis Date: 2020-08-05 Impact factor: 5.226