Grant A Victor1, Robert Walker2, Jennifer Cole2, T K Logan2. 1. Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, University of Kentucky, 333 Waller Avenue, Suite 480, Lexington, KY 40504, USA. Electronic address: grant.victor7@uky.edu. 2. Center on Drug and Alcohol Research, University of Kentucky, 333 Waller Avenue, Suite 480, Lexington, KY 40504, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In an effort to mitigate Kentucky's prescription drug misuse, legislative intervention efforts were introduced in 2012 and 2013 to better regulate pain clinics, prescribed use of opioid analgesics, and to expand the monitoring of opioid prescriptions. The focus of this paper is primarily on opioid analgesics and heroin and the relationship of use/misuse patterns of these drugs to state drug policy initiatives. METHODS: A secondary data analysis of drug treatment clients (N=52,360) was conducted to project illicit drug use trends in Kentucky. This study describes temporal and geographic trends of self-reported illicit drug use among individuals in state-funded treatment in Kentucky between fiscal year 2010 and fiscal year 2013. RESULTS: Significant reductions in the prevalence of illicit opioid use, declined from fiscal year 2010 to fiscal year 2013 (p<.01, CI=-.298 to -.215). However, heroin use rates significantly increased over the years studied, suggesting there may be a transition from prescription opioids to heroin (p<.01, CI=.143 to .178). The analysis suggests these trends may continue. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest Kentucky's legislative efforts were effective in reducing illicit prescription opioid use, but heroin use has increased. One possible explanation for this relationship is that as prescription opioids became more difficult to obtain, users turned to heroin as a substitute. The finding of rising heroin use suggests a need for further policy initiatives to reduce heroin use, but the potential effectiveness of this policy remains unclear. Understanding trends may help to guide future policy efforts and pain management treatment strategies to where they might have their greatest impact.
BACKGROUND: In an effort to mitigate Kentucky's prescription drug misuse, legislative intervention efforts were introduced in 2012 and 2013 to better regulate pain clinics, prescribed use of opioid analgesics, and to expand the monitoring of opioid prescriptions. The focus of this paper is primarily on opioid analgesics and heroin and the relationship of use/misuse patterns of these drugs to state drug policy initiatives. METHODS: A secondary data analysis of drug treatment clients (N=52,360) was conducted to project illicit drug use trends in Kentucky. This study describes temporal and geographic trends of self-reported illicit drug use among individuals in state-funded treatment in Kentucky between fiscal year 2010 and fiscal year 2013. RESULTS: Significant reductions in the prevalence of illicit opioid use, declined from fiscal year 2010 to fiscal year 2013 (p<.01, CI=-.298 to -.215). However, heroin use rates significantly increased over the years studied, suggesting there may be a transition from prescription opioids to heroin (p<.01, CI=.143 to .178). The analysis suggests these trends may continue. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest Kentucky's legislative efforts were effective in reducing illicit prescription opioid use, but heroin use has increased. One possible explanation for this relationship is that as prescription opioids became more difficult to obtain, users turned to heroin as a substitute. The finding of rising heroin use suggests a need for further policy initiatives to reduce heroin use, but the potential effectiveness of this policy remains unclear. Understanding trends may help to guide future policy efforts and pain management treatment strategies to where they might have their greatest impact.
Authors: David Goodman-Meza; Maria Elena Medina-Mora; Carlos Magis-Rodríguez; Raphael J Landovitz; Steve Shoptaw; Dan Werb Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2018-11-29 Impact factor: 9.308
Authors: Stephanie Navarro; Alex H Kral; Carol S Strike; Kelsey Simpson; Lynn Wenger; Ricky N Bluthenthal Journal: Subst Use Misuse Date: 2019-05-03 Impact factor: 2.164
Authors: Monica Fadanelli; David H Cloud; Umedjon Ibragimov; April M Ballard; Nadya Prood; April M Young; Hannah L F Cooper Journal: Int J Drug Policy Date: 2019-11-18
Authors: T L Gaines; K D Wagner; M L Mittal; J M Bowles; E Copulsky; M Faul; R W Harding; P J Davidson Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2020-05-28 Impact factor: 4.492