Aileen L Green1, Ulas Bagci, Sarfaraz Hussein, Patrick V Kelly, Razi Muzaffar, Brent A Neuschwander-Tetri, Medhat M Osman. 1. aDepartment of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Saint Louis University bDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine cDepartment of Statistics, Doisy College of Health Sciences Research Administration, St Louis, Missouri dDeparment of Electrical and Computer Science, Center for Research in Computer Vision, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: This retrospective review was performed to determine whether patients with brown adipose tissue (BAT) detected by fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging have less central obesity than BMI-matched control patients without detectable BAT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven adult oncology patients with F-FDG BAT uptake were retrospectively identified from PET/CT studies from 2011 to 2013. The control cohort consisted of 74 adult oncology patients without detectable F-FDG BAT uptake matched for BMI/sex/season. Tissue fat content was estimated by CT density (Hounsfield units) with a subsequent noise removal step. Total fat and abdominal fat were calculated. An automated separation algorithm was utilized to determine the visceral fat and subcutaneous fat at the L4/L5 level. In addition, liver density was obtained from CT images. CT imaging was interpreted blinded to clinical information. RESULTS: There was no difference in total fat for the BAT cohort (34±15 l) compared with the controls (34±16 l) (P=0.96). The BAT cohort had lower abdominal fat to total fat ratio compared with the controls (0.28±0.05 vs. 0.31±0.08, respectively; P=0.01). The BAT cohort had a lower visceral fat/(visceral fat+subcutaneous fat) ratio compared with the controls (0.30±0.10 vs. 0.34±0.12, respectively; P=0.03). Patients with BAT had higher liver density, suggesting less liver fat, compared with the controls (51.3±7.5 vs. 47.1±7.0 HU, P=0.003). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that active BAT detected by F-FDG PET/CT is associated with less central obesity and liver fat. The presence of foci of BAT may be protective against features of the metabolic syndrome.
PURPOSE: This retrospective review was performed to determine whether patients with brown adipose tissue (BAT) detected by fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging have less central obesity than BMI-matched control patients without detectable BAT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven adult oncology patients with F-FDG BAT uptake were retrospectively identified from PET/CT studies from 2011 to 2013. The control cohort consisted of 74 adult oncology patients without detectable F-FDG BAT uptake matched for BMI/sex/season. Tissue fat content was estimated by CT density (Hounsfield units) with a subsequent noise removal step. Total fat and abdominal fat were calculated. An automated separation algorithm was utilized to determine the visceral fat and subcutaneous fat at the L4/L5 level. In addition, liver density was obtained from CT images. CT imaging was interpreted blinded to clinical information. RESULTS: There was no difference in total fat for the BAT cohort (34±15 l) compared with the controls (34±16 l) (P=0.96). The BAT cohort had lower abdominal fat to total fat ratio compared with the controls (0.28±0.05 vs. 0.31±0.08, respectively; P=0.01). The BAT cohort had a lower visceral fat/(visceral fat+subcutaneous fat) ratio compared with the controls (0.30±0.10 vs. 0.34±0.12, respectively; P=0.03). Patients with BAT had higher liver density, suggesting less liver fat, compared with the controls (51.3±7.5 vs. 47.1±7.0 HU, P=0.003). CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that active BAT detected by F-FDG PET/CT is associated with less central obesity and liver fat. The presence of foci of BAT may be protective against features of the metabolic syndrome.
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