Claude T Tagny1,2, Georges Nguefack-Tsague3, Diderot Fopa2, Celestin Ashu2, Estel Tante4, Pauline Ngo Balogog5, Olivier Donfack6, Dora Mbanya1,2, Syria Laperche7, Edward Murphy8. 1. Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 2. Hematology & Transfusion Service University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 3. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 4. Bamenda Regional Hospital, Bamenda, Cameroon. 5. Essos Hospital Center, Yaoundé, Cameroon. 6. Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium. 7. Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France. 8. Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa improving the deferral of at-risk blood donors would be a cost-effective approach to reducing transfusion-transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. We performed a pilot case-control study to identify the risk factors for HIV infection and to develop an adapted donor history questionnaire (DHQ) for sub-Saharan Africa. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We recruited 137 HIV-positive donors (cases) and 256 HIV-negative donors (controls) and gathered risk factor data using audio computer-assisted self-interview. Variables with univariate associations were entered into a logistic regression model to assess independent associations. A scoring scheme to distinguish between HIV-positive and HIV-negative donors was developed using receiver operating characteristics curves. RESULTS: We identified 16 risk factors including sex with sex worker, past history or treatment for sexually transmitted infections, and having a partner who used injected or noninjected illegal drugs. Two novel risks were related to local behavior: polygamy (odds ratio [OR], 22.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.9-86.7) and medical or grooming treatment on the street (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0-3.0). Using the 16 selected items the mean scores (>100) were 82.6 ± 6.7 (range, 53.2-95.1) and 85.1 ± 5.2 for HIV-negative donors versus 77.9 ± 6.8 for HIV-positive ones (p = 0.000). Donors who scored between 80 and 90 were more likely to be HIV negative than those who scored less (OR, 31.4; 95% CI, 3.1-313.9). CONCLUSION: We identified both typical and novel HIV risk factors among Cameroonian blood donors. An adapted DHQ and score that discriminate HIV-negative donors may be an inexpensive means of reducing transfusion-transmitted HIV through predonation screening.
BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa improving the deferral of at-risk blood donors would be a cost-effective approach to reducing transfusion-transmitted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections. We performed a pilot case-control study to identify the risk factors for HIV infection and to develop an adapted donor history questionnaire (DHQ) for sub-Saharan Africa. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We recruited 137 HIV-positive donors (cases) and 256 HIV-negative donors (controls) and gathered risk factor data using audio computer-assisted self-interview. Variables with univariate associations were entered into a logistic regression model to assess independent associations. A scoring scheme to distinguish between HIV-positive and HIV-negative donors was developed using receiver operating characteristics curves. RESULTS: We identified 16 risk factors including sex with sex worker, past history or treatment for sexually transmitted infections, and having a partner who used injected or noninjected illegal drugs. Two novel risks were related to local behavior: polygamy (odds ratio [OR], 22.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.9-86.7) and medical or grooming treatment on the street (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.0-3.0). Using the 16 selected items the mean scores (>100) were 82.6 ± 6.7 (range, 53.2-95.1) and 85.1 ± 5.2 for HIV-negative donors versus 77.9 ± 6.8 for HIV-positive ones (p = 0.000). Donors who scored between 80 and 90 were more likely to be HIV negative than those who scored less (OR, 31.4; 95% CI, 3.1-313.9). CONCLUSION: We identified both typical and novel HIV risk factors among Cameroonian blood donors. An adapted DHQ and score that discriminate HIV-negative donors may be an inexpensive means of reducing transfusion-transmitted HIV through predonation screening.
Authors: Claude T Tagny; Georges Ikomey; Françoise Ngo Sack; Celestin Achu; Matthias Ndemanou; Catherine Ninmou; Caroline Gesu; Gilbert Essomba; Alexandra Fongue Simo; Georges Nguefack Tsague; Dora Mbanya; Edward Murphy Journal: Vox Sang Date: 2022-03-17 Impact factor: 2.996
Authors: Moses Samje; Victor N Fondoh; Georges Nguefack-Tsague; Laure K J Kamalieuk; Dora Mbanya; Edward L Murphy; Claude T Tagny Journal: Transfus Clin Biol Date: 2021-06-05 Impact factor: 1.406