Vincent Wai-Sun Wong1, Salvatore Petta2, Jean-Baptiste Hiriart3, Calogero Cammà2, Grace Lai-Hung Wong4, Fabio Marra5, Julien Vergniol3, Anthony Wing-Hung Chan6, Antonino Tuttolomondo7, Wassil Merrouche3, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan4, Brigitte Le Bail8, Umberto Arena5, Antonio Craxì2, Victor de Lédinghen9. 1. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Electronic address: wongv@cuhk.edu.hk. 2. Sezione di Gastroenterologia, Di.Bi.M.I.S., University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. 3. Centre d'Investigation de la Fibrose Hépatique, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France. 4. Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. 5. Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Florence, Italy. 6. Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. 7. Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardioangiologia, Di.Bi.M.I.S., University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. 8. INSERM U1053, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France; Service de Pathologie, Hôpital Pellegrin, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France. 9. Centre d'Investigation de la Fibrose Hépatique, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Bordeaux University Hospital, Pessac, France; INSERM U1053, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France. Electronic address: victor.deledinghen@chu-bordeaux.fr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) can be performed together with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography (TE) and is often used to diagnose fatty liver. We aimed to define the validity criteria of CAP. METHODS: CAP was measured by the M probe prior to liver biopsy in 754 consecutive patients with different liver diseases at three centers in Europe and Hong Kong (derivation cohort, n=340; validation cohort, n=414; 101 chronic hepatitis B, 154 chronic hepatitis C, 349 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, 37 autoimmune hepatitis, 49 cholestatic liver disease, 64 others; 277 F3-4; age 52±14; body mass index 27.2±5.3kg/m2). The primary outcome was the diagnosis of fatty liver, defined as steatosis involving ≥5% of hepatocytes. RESULTS: The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUROC) for CAP diagnosis of fatty liver was 0.85 (95% CI 0.82-0.88). The interquartile range (IQR) of CAP had a negative correlation with CAP (r=-0.32, p<0.001), suggesting the IQR-to-median ratio of CAP would be an inappropriate validity parameter. In the derivation cohort, the IQR of CAP was associated with the accuracy of CAP (AUROC 0.86, 0.89 and 0.76 in patients with IQR of CAP <20 [15% of patients], 20-39 [51%], and ≥40dB/m [33%], respectively). Likewise, the AUROC of CAP in the validation cohort was 0.90 and 0.77 in patients with IQR of CAP <40 and ≥40dB/m, respectively (p=0.004). The accuracy of CAP in detecting grade 2 and 3 steatosis was lower among patients with body mass index ≥30kg/m2 and F3-4 fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: The validity of CAP for the diagnosis of fatty liver is lower if the IQR of CAP is ≥40dB/m. Lay summary: Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) is measured by transient elastography (TE) for the detection of fatty liver. In this large study, using liver biopsy as a reference, we show that the variability of CAP measurements based on its interquartile range can reflect the accuracy of fatty liver diagnosis. In contrast, other clinical factors such as adiposity and liver enzyme levels do not affect the performance of CAP.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) can be performed together with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography (TE) and is often used to diagnose fatty liver. We aimed to define the validity criteria of CAP. METHODS: CAP was measured by the M probe prior to liver biopsy in 754 consecutive patients with different liver diseases at three centers in Europe and Hong Kong (derivation cohort, n=340; validation cohort, n=414; 101 chronic hepatitis B, 154 chronic hepatitis C, 349 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, 37 autoimmune hepatitis, 49 cholestatic liver disease, 64 others; 277 F3-4; age 52±14; body mass index 27.2±5.3kg/m2). The primary outcome was the diagnosis of fatty liver, defined as steatosis involving ≥5% of hepatocytes. RESULTS: The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUROC) for CAP diagnosis of fatty liver was 0.85 (95% CI 0.82-0.88). The interquartile range (IQR) of CAP had a negative correlation with CAP (r=-0.32, p<0.001), suggesting the IQR-to-median ratio of CAP would be an inappropriate validity parameter. In the derivation cohort, the IQR of CAP was associated with the accuracy of CAP (AUROC 0.86, 0.89 and 0.76 in patients with IQR of CAP <20 [15% of patients], 20-39 [51%], and ≥40dB/m [33%], respectively). Likewise, the AUROC of CAP in the validation cohort was 0.90 and 0.77 in patients with IQR of CAP <40 and ≥40dB/m, respectively (p=0.004). The accuracy of CAP in detecting grade 2 and 3 steatosis was lower among patients with body mass index ≥30kg/m2 and F3-4 fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: The validity of CAP for the diagnosis of fatty liver is lower if the IQR of CAP is ≥40dB/m. Lay summary: Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) is measured by transient elastography (TE) for the detection of fatty liver. In this large study, using liver biopsy as a reference, we show that the variability of CAP measurements based on its interquartile range can reflect the accuracy of fatty liver diagnosis. In contrast, other clinical factors such as adiposity and liver enzyme levels do not affect the performance of CAP.
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Authors: Marco Silva; Pedro Costa Moreira; Armando Peixoto; Ana Luísa Santos; Susana Lopes; Regina Gonçalves; Pedro Pereira; Hélder Cardoso; Guilherme Macedo Journal: GE Port J Gastroenterol Date: 2018-04-20