Lucie Salomon du Mont1, Betty Leclerc2, Marie-Catherine Morgant3, Guillaume Besch4, Aline Laubriet3, Eric Steinmetz3, Simon Rinckenbach2. 1. Vascular Surgery Unit, Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Besancon, Besancon, France; Research Unit EA3920, University Hospital Besancon, Besancon, France. Electronic address: lsalomondumont@chu-besancon.fr. 2. Vascular Surgery Unit, Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Besancon, Besancon, France; Research Unit EA3920, University Hospital Besancon, Besancon, France. 3. Service de Chirurgie Cardiovasculaire et Thoracique, CHU Le Bocage, Dijon, France. 4. Research Unit EA3920, University Hospital Besancon, Besancon, France; Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale, University Hospital Besancon, Besancon, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite current progress, the prognosis of critical limb ischemia (CLI) remains poor. The ageing of the population, the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and the stability of tobacco use will increase the prevalence of CLI. CLI patients have risk factors for malnutrition, and the impact of malnutrition on morbidity and mortality has been demonstrated in the general population. However, we have little information on the consequences of undernutrition in the CLI population. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of malnutrition on the early outcomes in CLI patients. METHODS: This is a double-center prospective study that included all consecutive hospitalized patients with CLI. All patients were screened for malnutrition and divided into 2 groups: severe malnourished patients (group A) and moderate malnourished and well-nourished (group B). This distribution was based on age-indexed clinical and biological data and the patient's general condition: the Nutritional Risk Index for patients younger than 75 years, the Mini Nutritional Assessment, or the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index for those older than 75 years. The primary end point was defined as the rate of 30-day death. Outcomes were compared in a univariate analysis. Stepwise logistic regression was used for the multivariate analysis. Variables with a P value <0.2 in the univariate analysis were introduced in the multivariate model. RESULTS: We included 106 patients. The prevalence of malnutrition was 75.5%, divided into moderate malnutrition (51.9%) and severe malnutrition (23.6%). Six patients (24%) died in group A compared with 8 in group B (4.9%) (P = 0.01). By univariate analysis, severe malnutrition was the only factor associated with death at 30 days. By stepwise logistic regression, severe malnutrition (odds ratio 6.1, 95% confidence interval 1.6-23.7, P = 0.006) was found to be the significant risk factors for death at 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to demonstrate prospectively the major importance of malnutrition in the early prognosis of CLI patients.
BACKGROUND: Despite current progress, the prognosis of critical limb ischemia (CLI) remains poor. The ageing of the population, the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, and the stability of tobacco use will increase the prevalence of CLI. CLI patients have risk factors for malnutrition, and the impact of malnutrition on morbidity and mortality has been demonstrated in the general population. However, we have little information on the consequences of undernutrition in the CLI population. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of malnutrition on the early outcomes in CLI patients. METHODS: This is a double-center prospective study that included all consecutive hospitalized patients with CLI. All patients were screened for malnutrition and divided into 2 groups: severe malnourished patients (group A) and moderate malnourished and well-nourished (group B). This distribution was based on age-indexed clinical and biological data and the patient's general condition: the Nutritional Risk Index for patients younger than 75 years, the Mini Nutritional Assessment, or the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index for those older than 75 years. The primary end point was defined as the rate of 30-day death. Outcomes were compared in a univariate analysis. Stepwise logistic regression was used for the multivariate analysis. Variables with a P value <0.2 in the univariate analysis were introduced in the multivariate model. RESULTS: We included 106 patients. The prevalence of malnutrition was 75.5%, divided into moderate malnutrition (51.9%) and severe malnutrition (23.6%). Six patients (24%) died in group A compared with 8 in group B (4.9%) (P = 0.01). By univariate analysis, severe malnutrition was the only factor associated with death at 30 days. By stepwise logistic regression, severe malnutrition (odds ratio 6.1, 95% confidence interval 1.6-23.7, P = 0.006) was found to be the significant risk factors for death at 30 days. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to demonstrate prospectively the major importance of malnutrition in the early prognosis of CLI patients.