Lamia AlHajri1, Asma AlHadhrami2, Shama AlMheiri2, Yalwah AlMutawa2, Zainab AlHashimi2. 1. Department of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, PO Box 16062, Dubai, UAE Department of Health Research, Lancaster University, UK. 2. Department of Health Sciences, Higher Colleges of Technology, Dubai, UAE.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hyperlipidemia or dyslipidemia has been a concern for a long time, with various guidelines emphasizing the importance of managing the lipid profile to prevent cardiac incidences. Although statins have been found to be highly effective, resistance and intolerability to side effects will continue to be a stumbling block for certain patients. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors tackle lipid profile via a novel mechanism and therefore provide an additional effective option for managing lipid profile. The overarching aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of evolocumab among various populations with hypercholesterolemia. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in ProQuest Health & Medical Complete, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed to identify potential records; then titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened using the inclusion criteria to filter out irrelevant studies. Data extraction and quality assessment were undertaken using standardized tools and the results were narratively synthesized and presented in tables. RESULTS: Eight studies were included in this systematic review after screening 1191 records. All studies demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values in the groups that received evolocumab compared with the comparator groups ( p < 0.05). The decline in LDL-C levels from baseline in the majority of studies ranged from 40% to 80%, whether used alone or in combination with other agents. Also, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a) and apolipoprotein B were improved with the use of evolocumab. CONCLUSIONS: This study helped to collate evidence from studies that tested the effectiveness of evolocumab in the management of hyperlipidemia. Evolocumab seems to be highly effective in reducing LDL-C and other lipid parameters. Hence, it provides an excellent alternative for patients with refractory disease or patients who develop intolerable side effects, therefore helping to overcome the stumbling block to achieving optimal lipid management.
BACKGROUND:Hyperlipidemia or dyslipidemia has been a concern for a long time, with various guidelines emphasizing the importance of managing the lipid profile to prevent cardiac incidences. Although statins have been found to be highly effective, resistance and intolerability to side effects will continue to be a stumbling block for certain patients. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors tackle lipid profile via a novel mechanism and therefore provide an additional effective option for managing lipid profile. The overarching aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of evolocumab among various populations with hypercholesterolemia. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in ProQuest Health & Medical Complete, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed to identify potential records; then titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened using the inclusion criteria to filter out irrelevant studies. Data extraction and quality assessment were undertaken using standardized tools and the results were narratively synthesized and presented in tables. RESULTS: Eight studies were included in this systematic review after screening 1191 records. All studies demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values in the groups that received evolocumab compared with the comparator groups ( p < 0.05). The decline in LDL-C levels from baseline in the majority of studies ranged from 40% to 80%, whether used alone or in combination with other agents. Also, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a) and apolipoprotein B were improved with the use of evolocumab. CONCLUSIONS: This study helped to collate evidence from studies that tested the effectiveness of evolocumab in the management of hyperlipidemia. Evolocumab seems to be highly effective in reducing LDL-C and other lipid parameters. Hence, it provides an excellent alternative for patients with refractory disease or patients who develop intolerable side effects, therefore helping to overcome the stumbling block to achieving optimal lipid management.
Entities:
Keywords:
dyslipidemia; evolocumab; hyperlipidemia; proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors
Authors: Robert P Giugliano; Nihar R Desai; Payal Kohli; William J Rogers; Ransi Somaratne; Fannie Huang; Thomas Liu; Satishkumar Mohanavelu; Elaine B Hoffman; Shannon T McDonald; Timothy E Abrahamsen; Scott M Wasserman; Robert Scott; Marc S Sabatine Journal: Lancet Date: 2012-11-06 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: David J Graham; Judy A Staffa; Deborah Shatin; Susan E Andrade; Stephanie D Schech; Lois La Grenade; Jerry H Gurwitz; K Arnold Chan; Michael J Goodman; Richard Platt Journal: JAMA Date: 2004-11-22 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Marina Cuchel; Emma A Meagher; Hendrik du Toit Theron; Dirk J Blom; A David Marais; Robert A Hegele; Maurizio R Averna; Cesare R Sirtori; Prediman K Shah; Daniel Gaudet; Claudia Stefanutti; Giovanni B Vigna; Anna M E Du Plessis; Kathleen J Propert; William J Sasiela; LeAnne T Bloedon; Daniel J Rader Journal: Lancet Date: 2012-11-02 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: Alanna M Chamberlain; Yan Gong; Kathryn McAuliffe Shaw; Jiang Bian; Wen-Liang Song; MacRae F Linton; Vivian Fonseca; Eboni Price-Haywood; Emily Guhl; Jordan B King; Rashmee U Shah; Jon Puro; Elizabeth Shenkman; Pamala A Pawloski; Karen L Margolis; Adrian F Hernandez; Rhonda M Cooper-DeHoff Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2019-05-07 Impact factor: 5.501