Gregory J Daggett1, Chunxia Zhao2, Fawn Connor-Stroud1, Patricia Oviedo-Moreno3, Hojin Moon4, Michael W Cho4, Thomas Moench5, Deborah J Anderson6, Francois Villinger7. 1. Division of Animal Resources, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. 2. Libra Management Group, Atlanta, GA, USA. 3. Division of Pathology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. 4. Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University Ames, Ames, IA, USA. 5. ReProtect Inc, Baltimore, MD, USA. 6. Departments of Obstetrics/Gynecology and Microbiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA. 7. New Iberia Research Center, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, New Iberia, LA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rhesus and cynomologus macaques are valuable animal models for the study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategies. However, for such studies focused on the vaginal route of infection, differences in vaginal environment may have deterministic impact on the outcome of such prevention, providing the rationale for this study. METHODS: We tested the vaginal environment of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques longitudinally to characterize the normal microflora based on Nugent scores and pH. This evaluation was extended after colonization of the vaginal space with Lactobacilli in an effort to recreate NHP models representing the healthy human vaginal environment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nugent scores and pH differed significantly between species, although data from both species were suggestive of stable bacterial vaginosis. Colonization with Lactobacilli was successful in both species leading to lower Nugent score and pH, although rhesus macaques appeared better able to sustain Lactobacillus spp over time.
BACKGROUND: Rhesus and cynomologus macaques are valuable animal models for the study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategies. However, for such studies focused on the vaginal route of infection, differences in vaginal environment may have deterministic impact on the outcome of such prevention, providing the rationale for this study. METHODS: We tested the vaginal environment of rhesus and cynomolgus macaques longitudinally to characterize the normal microflora based on Nugent scores and pH. This evaluation was extended after colonization of the vaginal space with Lactobacilli in an effort to recreate NHP models representing the healthy human vaginal environment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nugent scores and pH differed significantly between species, although data from both species were suggestive of stable bacterial vaginosis. Colonization with Lactobacilli was successful in both species leading to lower Nugent score and pH, although rhesus macaques appeared better able to sustain Lactobacillus spp over time.
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