Liam D Harper1, Emma J Stevenson2, Ian Rollo3, Mark Russell4. 1. Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, United Kingdom. 2. Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, United Kingdom. 3. The Gatorade Sports Science Institute, PepsiCo, United Kingdom. 4. School of Social and Health Sciences, Leeds Trinity University, United Kingdom. Electronic address: m.russell@leedstrinity.ac.uk.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To assess the physiological and performance effects of a 12% carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage consumed at practically applicable time-points (i.e., before each half) throughout simulated soccer match-play. DESIGN: Randomised, counterbalanced, crossover. METHODS:Fed players (n=15) performed 90-min of soccer-specific exercise (including self-paced exercise at the end of each half). Players consumed carbohydrate-electrolyte (CHO; 60g×500ml-1, Na+ 205mg×500ml-1), placebo-electrolyte (PL) or water (Wat) beverages at the end of the warm-up (250ml) and half-time (250ml plus ad-libitum water). Blood was drawn before each half and every 15-min during exercise. Physical (15-m sprinting, countermovement jumps, self-paced distance, acceleration/deceleration count), technical (dribbling) and cognitive (memory, attention, decision-making) performance was assessed. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and abdominal discomfort were measured. RESULTS:Against Wat and PL, CHO increased (all p<0.05) mean accelerations >1.5m·s-2 during self-paced exercise (>+25%) and dribbling speed from 60-min onwards (>+3%). Mean sprinting speed improved (+2.7%) in CHO versus Wat. Blood glucose increased before and during each half in CHO versus PL and Wat (all p<0.05). A 27% decline in glycaemia occurred at 60-min in CHO. RPE was comparable between trials. Cognition reduced post-exercise (p<0.05); this decline was not attenuated by CHO. Abdominal discomfort increased during exercise but was similar between trials. CONCLUSIONS: Using more realistic fluid ingestion timings than have been examined previously, consuming a 12% carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage increased blood glucose, self-paced exercise performance, and improved dribbling speed in the final 30-min of exercise compared to water and placebo. Carbohydrates did not attenuate post-exercise reductions in cognition.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVES: To assess the physiological and performance effects of a 12% carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage consumed at practically applicable time-points (i.e., before each half) throughout simulated soccer match-play. DESIGN: Randomised, counterbalanced, crossover. METHODS: Fed players (n=15) performed 90-min of soccer-specific exercise (including self-paced exercise at the end of each half). Players consumed carbohydrate-electrolyte (CHO; 60g×500ml-1, Na+ 205mg×500ml-1), placebo-electrolyte (PL) or water (Wat) beverages at the end of the warm-up (250ml) and half-time (250ml plus ad-libitum water). Blood was drawn before each half and every 15-min during exercise. Physical (15-m sprinting, countermovement jumps, self-paced distance, acceleration/deceleration count), technical (dribbling) and cognitive (memory, attention, decision-making) performance was assessed. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and abdominal discomfort were measured. RESULTS: Against Wat and PL, CHO increased (all p<0.05) mean accelerations >1.5m·s-2 during self-paced exercise (>+25%) and dribbling speed from 60-min onwards (>+3%). Mean sprinting speed improved (+2.7%) in CHO versus Wat. Blood glucose increased before and during each half in CHO versus PL and Wat (all p<0.05). A 27% decline in glycaemia occurred at 60-min in CHO. RPE was comparable between trials. Cognition reduced post-exercise (p<0.05); this decline was not attenuated by CHO. Abdominal discomfort increased during exercise but was similar between trials. CONCLUSIONS: Using more realistic fluid ingestion timings than have been examined previously, consuming a 12% carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage increased blood glucose, self-paced exercise performance, and improved dribbling speed in the final 30-min of exercise compared to water and placebo. Carbohydrates did not attenuate post-exercise reductions in cognition.
Authors: Samuel P Hills; Martin J Barwood; Jon N Radcliffe; Carlton B Cooke; Liam P Kilduff; Christian J Cook; Mark Russell Journal: Sports Med Date: 2018-10 Impact factor: 11.136
Authors: Emma J Stevenson; Anthony Watson; Stephan Theis; Anja Holz; Liam D Harper; Mark Russell Journal: Eur J Appl Physiol Date: 2017-09-19 Impact factor: 3.078
Authors: Liam S Oliver; John P Sullivan; Suzanna Russell; Jonathan M Peake; Mitchell Nicholson; Craig McNulty; Vincent G Kelly Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-12-28 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Caroline A Tarnowski; Ian Rollo; James M Carter; Maria Antonia Lizarraga-Dallo; Mireia Porta Oliva; Tom Clifford; Lewis J James; Rebecca K Randell Journal: Nutrients Date: 2022-08-03 Impact factor: 6.706