The improvement of salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco by overexpression of wheat F-box gene TaFBA1.

F-box protein is a major subunit of the Skp1-Cullin-F-box (SCF) complex. We previously isolated an F-box gene from wheat, TaFBA1, and here we show that overexpression of TaFBA1 in transgenic plants under salt stress increases germination rate, root elongation, and biomass accumulation compared with WT plants. Improvements in the photosynthetic rate and its corresponding parameters were also found in the transgenic plants. These results suggest that overexpression of TaFBA1 improves salt stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Further, the transgenic plants displayed less membrane damage, higher antioxidant enzyme activity, and less accumulation of ROS under salt stress. The transgenic plants also had lower Na+ content and higher K+ content than WT plants in leaves and roots. The activity of H+-ATPase on the plasma membrane in the transgenic plants was higher than in WT plants, and was accompanied by a net Na+ efflux. In the tonoplast, the activity levels of V-ATPase and PPase were also higher in the transgenic plants, thus helping to maximize intracellular Na+ compartmentalization. The expression of some stress-related genes was upregulated by salt stress. This suggests that the enhancement of plant salt stress tolerance may be associated with an improvement in antioxidative competition and Na+/K+ ion regionalization.