Patrick Jones1, Grace Bennett1, Omar M Aboumarzouk2, Stephen Griffin3, Bhaskar K Somani3. 1. 1 Department of Urology, Royal Preston Hospital , Preston, United Kingdom . 2. 2 Department of Urology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital , Glasgow, United Kingdom . 3. 3 Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Trust , Southampton, United Kingdom .
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Management of pediatric stone disease is challenging, with standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) having a good stone-free rate (SFR), but with associated high complication rates. Miniaturization of this technique has led to the rise of minimally invasive PCNL techniques such as micro (<10F) and ultra-mini (<15F) PCNL procedures. Our objective was to perform a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the success and complication rates of minimally invasive PCNL techniques in the pediatric age group (<18 years). METHODS: A Cochrane style search was performed and the following bibliographic databases were accessed: PubMed, Science direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. This was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 14 studies (456 patients), including 8 on micro-PCNL (m-PCNL, n = 233) and 6 on ultra-mini PCNL (UMP, n = 223), were included. Mean stone size ranged from 12-16.5 mm (m-PCNL) and 12-41 mm (UMP), and the overall SFR ranged from 80% to 100% (m-PCNL) and 85% to 100% (UMP). The overall complication rates for all studies were 11.2%, which was slightly higher for UMP (13.9%). Postoperative renal colic or fragment obstruction was only seen in m-PCNL, but there was a statistically significant rate of extravasation or renal pelvicaliceal perforation and hematuria for UMP compared with m-PCNL. CONCLUSION: Miniaturized PCNL techniques can deliver high SFRs with a small risk of Clavien I/II complications. The size of tract seems to influence the nature of complications, with higher hematuria and renal extravasation with increasing tract size.
INTRODUCTION: Management of pediatric stone disease is challenging, with standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) having a good stone-free rate (SFR), but with associated high complication rates. Miniaturization of this technique has led to the rise of minimally invasive PCNL techniques such as micro (<10F) and ultra-mini (<15F) PCNL procedures. Our objective was to perform a systematic review of the literature to evaluate the success and complication rates of minimally invasive PCNL techniques in the pediatric age group (<18 years). METHODS: A Cochrane style search was performed and the following bibliographic databases were accessed: PubMed, Science direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. This was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. RESULTS: A total of 14 studies (456 patients), including 8 on micro-PCNL (m-PCNL, n = 233) and 6 on ultra-mini PCNL (UMP, n = 223), were included. Mean stone size ranged from 12-16.5 mm (m-PCNL) and 12-41 mm (UMP), and the overall SFR ranged from 80% to 100% (m-PCNL) and 85% to 100% (UMP). The overall complication rates for all studies were 11.2%, which was slightly higher for UMP (13.9%). Postoperative renal colic or fragment obstruction was only seen in m-PCNL, but there was a statistically significant rate of extravasation or renal pelvicaliceal perforation and hematuria for UMP compared with m-PCNL. CONCLUSION: Miniaturized PCNL techniques can deliver high SFRs with a small risk of Clavien I/II complications. The size of tract seems to influence the nature of complications, with higher hematuria and renal extravasation with increasing tract size.
Authors: Michael E Chua; Jin Kyu Kim; Jessica M Ming; Keara N De Cotiis; Stephen S Yang; Mandy Rickard; Armando J Lorenzo; Joana Dos Santos Journal: Pediatr Surg Int Date: 2022-08-08 Impact factor: 2.003