Ashly E Jordan1, Natalie A Blackburn2, Don C Des Jarlais3, Holly Hagan4. 1. New York University, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, United States; Center for Drug Use and HIV Research, New York, NY, United States. Electronic address: aj924@nyu.edu. 2. University of North Carolina, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. 3. Center for Drug Use and HIV Research, New York, NY, United States; Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, NY, United States. 4. New York University, Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, United States; Center for Drug Use and HIV Research, New York, NY, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: There are high levels of prescription and consumption of prescription opioids in the US. Misuse of prescription opioids has been shown to be highly correlated with prescription opioid-related morbidity and mortality including fatal and non-fatal overdose. We characterized the past-year prevalence of prescription opioid misuse among those 11-30years of age in the US. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out following a published protocol and PRISMA guidelines. We searched electronic databases; reports were eligible if they were published between 1/1/1990-5/30/2014, and included data on individuals 11-30years of age from the US. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: A total of 3211 abstracts were reviewed for inclusion; after discarding duplicates and identifying non-eligible reports, a total of 19 unique reports, providing 34 estimates, were included in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. The range of past-year prescription opioid misuse prevalence the reports was 0.7%-16.3%. An increase in prevalence of 0.4% was observed over the years of data collection. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis found a high prevalence of past-year prescription opioid misuse among individuals 11-30years of age. Importantly, we identified an increase in past-year prevalence 1990-2014. Misuse of prescription opioids has played an important role in national increases of fatal and non-fatal drug overdose, heroin use and injection, and HIV and HCV infection among young people. The observed high and increasing prevalence of prescription opioid misuse is an urgent public health issue.
BACKGROUND: There are high levels of prescription and consumption of prescription opioids in the US. Misuse of prescription opioids has been shown to be highly correlated with prescription opioid-related morbidity and mortality including fatal and non-fatal overdose. We characterized the past-year prevalence of prescription opioid misuse among those 11-30years of age in the US. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out following a published protocol and PRISMA guidelines. We searched electronic databases; reports were eligible if they were published between 1/1/1990-5/30/2014, and included data on individuals 11-30years of age from the US. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTS: A total of 3211 abstracts were reviewed for inclusion; after discarding duplicates and identifying non-eligible reports, a total of 19 unique reports, providing 34 estimates, were included in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. The range of past-year prescription opioid misuse prevalence the reports was 0.7%-16.3%. An increase in prevalence of 0.4% was observed over the years of data collection. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis found a high prevalence of past-year prescription opioid misuse among individuals 11-30years of age. Importantly, we identified an increase in past-year prevalence 1990-2014. Misuse of prescription opioids has played an important role in national increases of fatal and non-fatal drug overdose, heroin use and injection, and HIV and HCV infection among young people. The observed high and increasing prevalence of prescription opioid misuse is an urgent public health issue.
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