Abhishek Agnihotri1, Sindhu Barola2, Christine Hill3, Manoel Galvao Neto4, Josemberg Campos5, Vikesh K Singh2, Michael Schweitzer6, Mouen A Khashab2, Vivek Kumbhari7,8. 1. Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. 2. Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA. 3. Diversity Summer Internship Program, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. 4. Department of Surgery, Herbert Wertheim School of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. 5. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil. 6. Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA. 7. Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA. vkumbhari@gmail.com. 8. Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Director of Bariatric Endoscopy Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 4940 Eastern Avenue, AA Building, 3rd floor, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. vkumbhari@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gastric stenosis (GS) is a potential adverse event post-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Endoscopic management is preferred; however, there is significant variation in therapeutic strategies with no defined algorithm. This study aims to describe the safety and efficacy of a predefined step-wise algorithm for endoscopic management of GS post-LSG. METHODS: Consecutive patients with symptomatic GS post-LSG, presenting between July 2015 and August 2016, were subjected to a predefined treatment algorithm of serial dilations using achalasia balloons, followed by a fully covered self-expanding metal stent (FCSEMS) if dilations were inadequate. Patients who did not respond or opted out of ongoing endoscopic therapy were offered revision Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). RESULTS: Total of 17 patients underwent a median of 2 (range 1-4) balloon dilations. Twelve patients (70.6%) reported clinical improvement with balloon dilation alone, while 3 (17.6%) required subsequent FCSEMS placement. One patient suffered a tear to the muscularis propria with balloon dilation, which was managed conservatively. Overall, 15 (88.2%) reported clinical improvement with endoscopic management. PAGI-SYM scores revealed that the strongest response to therapy, based on mean reduction of score ± SD, was in the following items: nausea (3 ± 1.9, P < 0.001), heartburn during day (2.8 ± 1.5, P = 0.003), heartburn on lying down (3.4 ± 1.4, P < 0.001), reflux during day (2.8 ± 1.9, P < 0.001), and reflux on lying down (3.0 ± 1.9, P < 0.001). Two (11.8%) patients failed endoscopic therapy and underwent RYGB. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic management of GS using the described algorithmic approach is safe and effective post-LSG. Patients with severe stenosis or helical stenosis are likely to require revision RYGB.
BACKGROUND:Gastric stenosis (GS) is a potential adverse event post-laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Endoscopic management is preferred; however, there is significant variation in therapeutic strategies with no defined algorithm. This study aims to describe the safety and efficacy of a predefined step-wise algorithm for endoscopic management of GS post-LSG. METHODS: Consecutive patients with symptomatic GS post-LSG, presenting between July 2015 and August 2016, were subjected to a predefined treatment algorithm of serial dilations using achalasia balloons, followed by a fully covered self-expanding metal stent (FCSEMS) if dilations were inadequate. Patients who did not respond or opted out of ongoing endoscopic therapy were offered revision Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). RESULTS: Total of 17 patients underwent a median of 2 (range 1-4) balloon dilations. Twelve patients (70.6%) reported clinical improvement with balloon dilation alone, while 3 (17.6%) required subsequent FCSEMS placement. One patient suffered a tear to the muscularis propria with balloon dilation, which was managed conservatively. Overall, 15 (88.2%) reported clinical improvement with endoscopic management. PAGI-SYM scores revealed that the strongest response to therapy, based on mean reduction of score ± SD, was in the following items: nausea (3 ± 1.9, P < 0.001), heartburn during day (2.8 ± 1.5, P = 0.003), heartburn on lying down (3.4 ± 1.4, P < 0.001), reflux during day (2.8 ± 1.9, P < 0.001), and reflux on lying down (3.0 ± 1.9, P < 0.001). Two (11.8%) patients failed endoscopic therapy and underwent RYGB. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic management of GS using the described algorithmic approach is safe and effective post-LSG. Patients with severe stenosis or helical stenosis are likely to require revision RYGB.
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