Voltage dependence of partial reactions of the Na+/K+ pump: predictions from microscopic models.

A theoretical treatment of the voltage dependence of electroneutral Na+-Na+ and K+-K+ exchange mediated by the Na+/K+ pump is given. The analysis is based on the Post-Albers reaction scheme in which the overall transport process is described as a sequence of conformational transitions and ion-binding and ion-release steps. The voltage dependence of the exchange rate is determined by a set of 'dielectric coefficients' reflecting the magnitude of charge translocations associated with individual reaction steps. Charge movement may result from conformational changes of the transport protein and/or from migration of ions in an access channel connecting the binding sites with the aqueous medium. It is shown that valuable mechanistic information may be obtained by studying the voltage dependence of transport rates at different (saturating and nonsaturating) ion concentrations.