Effects of dietary fish oil and omega-3 fatty acids on platelets and blood vessels.

Our understanding of the effects of fish oil and the omega-3 fatty acids on platelet and vascular composition and function has increased substantially in the last decade. It is clear that the omega-3 fatty acids found in marine oils may be incorporated into the cell membranes of platelets and endothelial cells and that they may alter the synthesis of prostaglandins. Platelet function is modestly inhibited, and platelet and vascular interactions appear to be modified in humans. It is far too early to advocate widespread prophylactic or therapeutic use of dietary fish oils to prevent or reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Additional studies are needed, especially in respect to the prevention or regression of atherosclerosis, inhibition of arterial thrombosis, and long-term toxicity.