Yohei Migiyama1, Susumu Hirosako1, Kentaro Tokunaga1, Emi Migiyama1, Takahiro Tashiro1, Katsuyuki Sagishima2, Hidenobu Kamohara2, Yoshihiro Kinoshita2, Hirotsugu Kohrogi3. 1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan. 2. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan. 3. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan. Electronic address: kohrogi@kumamoto-u.ac.jp.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a high mortality and recurrence rate, especially in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Therefore, new therapeutic strategies against severe pneumonia are needed. This study evaluated the efficacy of aerosolized tobramycin for P. aeruginosa VAP in ARDS patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who developed VAP caused by P. aeruginosa during the course of ARDS at the intensive care unit (ICU) of Kumamoto University Hospital. Aerosolized tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS) 240 mg was administered daily for 14 days in addition to systemic antibiotics. RESULTS: A total of 44 patients (TIS group, n = 22; control group, n = 22) were included in the analysis. No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of clinical characteristics, including acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score upon ICU admission. The TIS group had significantly lower recurrence of P. aeruginosa VAP (22.7% vs. 52.4%, P = 0.04) and ICU mortality (22.7% vs. 63.6%, P < 0.01) than the control group. Bacterial concentration in tracheal aspirate (mean log 10 cfu/mL ± SD on days 2-5: 1.2 ± 1.3 vs. 5.0 ± 2.3, P < 0.01) decreased more rapidly and markedly in the TIS group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Aerosolized tobramycin was an effective therapeutic strategy for P. aeruginosa VAP patients with ARDS.
BACKGROUND: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a high mortality and recurrence rate, especially in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Therefore, new therapeutic strategies against severe pneumonia are needed. This study evaluated the efficacy of aerosolized tobramycin for P. aeruginosa VAP in ARDSpatients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who developed VAP caused by P. aeruginosa during the course of ARDS at the intensive care unit (ICU) of Kumamoto University Hospital. Aerosolized tobramycin inhalation solution (TIS) 240 mg was administered daily for 14 days in addition to systemic antibiotics. RESULTS: A total of 44 patients (TIS group, n = 22; control group, n = 22) were included in the analysis. No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of clinical characteristics, including acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score upon ICU admission. The TIS group had significantly lower recurrence of P. aeruginosa VAP (22.7% vs. 52.4%, P = 0.04) and ICU mortality (22.7% vs. 63.6%, P < 0.01) than the control group. Bacterial concentration in tracheal aspirate (mean log 10 cfu/mL ± SD on days 2-5: 1.2 ± 1.3 vs. 5.0 ± 2.3, P < 0.01) decreased more rapidly and markedly in the TIS group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: Aerosolized tobramycin was an effective therapeutic strategy for P. aeruginosa VAPpatients with ARDS.