Grethe Albrektsen1, Ivar Heuch2, Maja-Lisa Løchen3, Dag Steinar Thelle4, Tom Wilsgaard3, Inger Njølstad3, Kaare Harald Bønaa5. 1. Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. Electronic address: grethe.albrektsen@ntnu.no. 2. Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. 3. Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway. 4. Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. 5. Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Clinic for Heart Disease, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Overall, men have roughly twice the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) compared to women, but what causes this contrast is unclear. Identification of subgroups where the gender contrast in risk is particularly low or high, may provide new insight. In the search for such subgroups, we focus on gender-specific effects of established coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Heterogeneity across age groups is also explored. METHODS: Population-based prospective study from Tromsø, Norway, comprising 33,859 individuals (51% women); 2746 individuals (854 women) received a diagnosis of MI during follow-up at ages 35-94 years. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated as estimates of relative risk in Poisson regression analyses. RESULTS: The association between total cholesterol and risk of MI was stronger for men than women, and IRR for men vs. women accordingly increased with increasing cholesterol, but the risk was higher for men in all subgroups (IRR in range 1.63-3.27), except among older people with low cholesterol levels. The adverse effect of increasing blood pressure (BP) was stronger for women, and IRR for gender diminished with increasing systolic (from 3.90 to 1.38) and diastolic BP (from 2.87 to 1.54). The gender contrast in risk was also substantially reduced in smokers ≥75 years. Associations with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) did not differ between genders. CONCLUSIONS: Gender heterogeneity in associations with total cholesterol but not HDL-C indicates gender differences in associations with non-HDL-C. The stronger association with BP in women may relate to more severe hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Overall, men have roughly twice the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) compared to women, but what causes this contrast is unclear. Identification of subgroups where the gender contrast in risk is particularly low or high, may provide new insight. In the search for such subgroups, we focus on gender-specific effects of established coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Heterogeneity across age groups is also explored. METHODS: Population-based prospective study from Tromsø, Norway, comprising 33,859 individuals (51% women); 2746 individuals (854 women) received a diagnosis of MI during follow-up at ages 35-94 years. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated as estimates of relative risk in Poisson regression analyses. RESULTS: The association between total cholesterol and risk of MI was stronger for men than women, and IRR for men vs. women accordingly increased with increasing cholesterol, but the risk was higher for men in all subgroups (IRR in range 1.63-3.27), except among older people with low cholesterol levels. The adverse effect of increasing blood pressure (BP) was stronger for women, and IRR for gender diminished with increasing systolic (from 3.90 to 1.38) and diastolic BP (from 2.87 to 1.54). The gender contrast in risk was also substantially reduced in smokers ≥75 years. Associations with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) did not differ between genders. CONCLUSIONS: Gender heterogeneity in associations with total cholesterol but not HDL-C indicates gender differences in associations with non-HDL-C. The stronger association with BP in women may relate to more severe hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy.
Authors: Janene R Brown; Jana A Hirsch; Suzanne E Judd; Philip M Hurvitz; Virginia J Howard; Monika Safford; Jeffrey Moore; Gina S Lovasi Journal: J Aging Health Date: 2020-11-30
Authors: Cinzia Perrino; Péter Ferdinandy; Hans E Bøtker; Bianca J J M Brundel; Peter Collins; Sean M Davidson; Hester M den Ruijter; Felix B Engel; Eva Gerdts; Henrique Girao; Mariann Gyöngyösi; Derek J Hausenloy; Sandrine Lecour; Rosalinda Madonna; Michael Marber; Elizabeth Murphy; Maurizio Pesce; Vera Regitz-Zagrosek; Joost P G Sluijter; Sabine Steffens; Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü; Linda W Van Laake; Sophie Van Linthout; Rainer Schulz; Kirsti Ytrehus Journal: Cardiovasc Res Date: 2021-01-21 Impact factor: 10.787
Authors: Grethe Albrektsen; Ivar Heuch; Maja-Lisa Løchen; Dag Steinar Thelle; Tom Wilsgaard; Inger Njølstad; Kaare Harald Bønaa Journal: Data Brief Date: 2017-07-08