Rasmus Aagaard1, Asger Granfeldt, Morten T Bøtker, Troels Mygind-Klausen, Hans Kirkegaard, Bo Løfgren. 1. 1Research Center for Emergency Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. 2Department of Anesthesiology, Randers Regional Hospital, Denmark. 3Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. 4Research & Development, Prehospital Emergency Medical Services, Central Denmark Region, Denmark. 5Department of Internal Medicine, Randers Regional Hospital, Denmark.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Dilation of the right ventricle during cardiac arrest and resuscitation may be inherent to cardiac arrest rather than being associated with certain causes of arrest such as pulmonary embolism. This study aimed to compare right ventricle diameter during resuscitation from cardiac arrest caused by hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, or primary arrhythmia (i.e., ventricular fibrillation). DESIGN: Thirty pigs were anesthetized and then randomized to cardiac arrest induced by three diffrent methods. Seven minutes of untreated arrest was followed by resuscitation. Cardiac ultrasonographic images were obtained during induction of cardiac arrest, untreated cardiac arrest, and resuscitation. The right ventricle diameter was measured. Primary endpoint was the right ventricular diameter at the third rhythm analysis. SETTING: University hospital animal laboratory. SUBJECTS: Female crossbred Landrace/Yorkshire/Duroc pigs (27-32 kg). INTERVENTIONS: Pigs were randomly assigned to cardiac arrest caused by either hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, or primary arrhythmia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At the third rhythm analysis during resuscitation, the right ventricle diameter was 32 mm (95% CI, 29-35) in the hypovolemia group, 29 mm (95% CI, 26-32) in the hyperkalemia group, and 25 mm (95% CI, 22-28) in the primary arrhythmia group. This was larger than baseline for all groups (p = 0.03). When comparing groups at the third rhythm analysis, the right ventricle was larger for hypovolemia than for primary arrhythmia (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The right ventricle was dilated during resuscitation from cardiac arrest caused by hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, and primary arrhythmia. These findings indicate that right ventricle dilation may be inherent to cardiac arrest, rather than being associated with certain causes of arrest. This contradicts a widespread clinical assumption that in hypovolemic cardiac arrest, the ventricles are collapsed rather than dilated.
OBJECTIVES: Dilation of the right ventricle during cardiac arrest and resuscitation may be inherent to cardiac arrest rather than being associated with certain causes of arrest such as pulmonary embolism. This study aimed to compare right ventricle diameter during resuscitation from cardiac arrest caused by hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, or primary arrhythmia (i.e., ventricular fibrillation). DESIGN: Thirty pigs were anesthetized and then randomized to cardiac arrest induced by three diffrent methods. Seven minutes of untreated arrest was followed by resuscitation. Cardiac ultrasonographic images were obtained during induction of cardiac arrest, untreated cardiac arrest, and resuscitation. The right ventricle diameter was measured. Primary endpoint was the right ventricular diameter at the third rhythm analysis. SETTING: University hospital animal laboratory. SUBJECTS: Female crossbred Landrace/Yorkshire/Duroc pigs (27-32 kg). INTERVENTIONS:Pigs were randomly assigned to cardiac arrest caused by either hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, or primary arrhythmia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: At the third rhythm analysis during resuscitation, the right ventricle diameter was 32 mm (95% CI, 29-35) in the hypovolemia group, 29 mm (95% CI, 26-32) in the hyperkalemia group, and 25 mm (95% CI, 22-28) in the primary arrhythmia group. This was larger than baseline for all groups (p = 0.03). When comparing groups at the third rhythm analysis, the right ventricle was larger for hypovolemia than for primary arrhythmia (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The right ventricle was dilated during resuscitation from cardiac arrest caused by hypovolemia, hyperkalemia, and primary arrhythmia. These findings indicate that right ventricle dilation may be inherent to cardiac arrest, rather than being associated with certain causes of arrest. This contradicts a widespread clinical assumption that in hypovolemic cardiac arrest, the ventricles are collapsed rather than dilated.
Authors: Benedict Kjaergaard; Hans O Holdgaard; Sigridur O Magnusdottir; Søren Lundbye-Christensen; Erika F Christensen Journal: J Transl Med Date: 2020-02-14 Impact factor: 5.531
Authors: Jasmeet Soar; Bernd W Böttiger; Pierre Carli; Keith Couper; Charles D Deakin; Therese Djärv; Carsten Lott; Theresa Olasveengen; Peter Paal; Tommaso Pellis; Gavin D Perkins; Claudio Sandroni; Jerry P Nolan Journal: Notf Rett Med Date: 2021-06-08 Impact factor: 0.826
Authors: Jasmeet Soar; Katherine M Berg; Lars W Andersen; Bernd W Böttiger; Sofia Cacciola; Clifton W Callaway; Keith Couper; Tobias Cronberg; Sonia D'Arrigo; Charles D Deakin; Michael W Donnino; Ian R Drennan; Asger Granfeldt; Cornelia W E Hoedemaekers; Mathias J Holmberg; Cindy H Hsu; Marlijn Kamps; Szymon Musiol; Kevin J Nation; Robert W Neumar; Tonia Nicholson; Brian J O'Neil; Quentin Otto; Edison Ferreira de Paiva; Michael J A Parr; Joshua C Reynolds; Claudio Sandroni; Barnaby R Scholefield; Markus B Skrifvars; Tzong-Luen Wang; Wolfgang A Wetsch; Joyce Yeung; Peter T Morley; Laurie J Morrison; Michelle Welsford; Mary Fran Hazinski; Jerry P Nolan Journal: Resuscitation Date: 2020-10-21 Impact factor: 5.262