Robert S Fisher1. 1. Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 213 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA, 94304-5979, USA. robert.fisher@stanford.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review presents the newly developed International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 2017 classification of seizure types. RECENT FINDINGS: The fundamental distinction is between seizures that begin focally in one hemisphere of the brain, generalized onset seizures that apparently originate in both hemispheres, and seizures of unknown onset. Focal seizures optionally can be subclassified according to whether awareness (a surrogate marker for consciousness) is intact or impaired. The next level of classification for focal seizures is motor (with subgroups automatisms, atonic, clonic, epileptic spasms, hyperkinetic, myoclonic, tonic), non-motor (with subgroups autonomic, behavior arrest, cognitive, emotional, sensory), and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic. Generalized seizures are categorized as motor (tonic-clonic, clonic, tonic, myoclonic, myoclonic-tonic-clonic, myoclonic-atonic, atonic, epileptic spasms) and non-motor/absence (typical, atypical, myoclonic, eyelid myoclonia). The classification allows new types of focal seizures and a few new generalized seizures, and clarifies terms used to name seizures.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review presents the newly developed International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 2017 classification of seizure types. RECENT FINDINGS: The fundamental distinction is between seizures that begin focally in one hemisphere of the brain, generalized onset seizures that apparently originate in both hemispheres, and seizures of unknown onset. Focal seizures optionally can be subclassified according to whether awareness (a surrogate marker for consciousness) is intact or impaired. The next level of classification for focal seizures is motor (with subgroups automatisms, atonic, clonic, epilepticspasms, hyperkinetic, myoclonic, tonic), non-motor (with subgroups autonomic, behavior arrest, cognitive, emotional, sensory), and focal to bilateral tonic-clonic. Generalized seizures are categorized as motor (tonic-clonic, clonic, tonic, myoclonic, myoclonic-tonic-clonic, myoclonic-atonic, atonic, epilepticspasms) and non-motor/absence (typical, atypical, myoclonic, eyelid myoclonia). The classification allows new types of focal seizures and a few new generalized seizures, and clarifies terms used to name seizures.
Authors: Robert S Fisher; J Helen Cross; Carol D'Souza; Jacqueline A French; Sheryl R Haut; Norimichi Higurashi; Edouard Hirsch; Floor E Jansen; Lieven Lagae; Solomon L Moshé; Jukka Peltola; Eliane Roulet Perez; Ingrid E Scheffer; Andreas Schulze-Bonhage; Ernest Somerville; Michael Sperling; Elza Márcia Yacubian; Sameer M Zuberi Journal: Epilepsia Date: 2017-03-08 Impact factor: 5.864
Authors: Robert S Fisher; J Helen Cross; Jacqueline A French; Norimichi Higurashi; Edouard Hirsch; Floor E Jansen; Lieven Lagae; Solomon L Moshé; Jukka Peltola; Eliane Roulet Perez; Ingrid E Scheffer; Sameer M Zuberi Journal: Epilepsia Date: 2017-03-08 Impact factor: 5.864
Authors: Ingrid E Scheffer; Samuel Berkovic; Giuseppe Capovilla; Mary B Connolly; Jacqueline French; Laura Guilhoto; Edouard Hirsch; Satish Jain; Gary W Mathern; Solomon L Moshé; Douglas R Nordli; Emilio Perucca; Torbjörn Tomson; Samuel Wiebe; Yue-Hua Zhang; Sameer M Zuberi Journal: Epilepsia Date: 2017-03-08 Impact factor: 5.864
Authors: Nuria Lacuey; Bilal Zonjy; Johnson P Hampson; M R Sandhya Rani; Anita Zaremba; Rup K Sainju; Brian K Gehlbach; Stephan Schuele; Daniel Friedman; Orrin Devinsky; Maromi Nei; Ronald M Harper; Luke Allen; Beate Diehl; John J Millichap; Lisa Bateman; Mark A Granner; Deidre N Dragon; George B Richerson; Samden D Lhatoo Journal: Epilepsia Date: 2018-01-16 Impact factor: 5.864
Authors: Ronald Anguzu; Pamela Akun; Thomas Katairo; Catherine Abbo; Albert Ningwa; Rodney Ogwang; Amos Deogratius Mwaka; Kevin Marsh; Charles R Newton; Richard Idro Journal: Epilepsy Behav Date: 2020-11-25 Impact factor: 3.337