AIM: To identify dietary patterns among apparently healthy individuals and to determine their long-term effect on diabetes incidence. METHODS: During 2001-2002, a random sample of 3,042 men and women (18-89 years old), living in greater Athens, was randomly selected to participate in the study. During 2011-2012, the 10-year follow-up was performed in 2,583 participants (15% drop-out rate). After excluding participants with diabetes at baseline and those for whom no information on diabetes status was available at follow-up, the working sample consisted of 1,485 participants. Dietary habits were assessed by means of a validated semi-quantitative, food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis was performed to extract dietary patterns from 18 food groups. RESULTS: Diabetes diagnosis at follow-up was made in 191 participants, yielding an incidence rate of 12.9%. Six factors (i.e. dietary patterns) were identified that explained 54% of the variation in consumption. After adjusting for major confounders, and stratification by age-group, logistic regression revealed that the most healthful pattern consisted of the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, bread, rusk, and pasta which reduced the 10-year diabetes risk by 40%, among participants aged 45-55 years. The association reached marginal statistical significance (95% CI: 0.34, 1.07), while no significant association was observed for the other age-groups. When the analysis was additionally adjusted for carbohydrate percentage, statistical significance was lost completely, suggesting a possibly mediating effect of this macronutrient. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm the potentially protective effect of a plant-based dietary pattern in the primary prevention of diabetes, in particular among middle-aged people. Carbohydrate content may be a specific factor in this relationship; other micronutrients found in plant-based food groups may also play a role.
AIM: To identify dietary patterns among apparently healthy individuals and to determine their long-term effect on diabetes incidence. METHODS: During 2001-2002, a random sample of 3,042 men and women (18-89 years old), living in greater Athens, was randomly selected to participate in the study. During 2011-2012, the 10-year follow-up was performed in 2,583 participants (15% drop-out rate). After excluding participants with diabetes at baseline and those for whom no information on diabetes status was available at follow-up, the working sample consisted of 1,485 participants. Dietary habits were assessed by means of a validated semi-quantitative, food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis was performed to extract dietary patterns from 18 food groups. RESULTS:Diabetes diagnosis at follow-up was made in 191 participants, yielding an incidence rate of 12.9%. Six factors (i.e. dietary patterns) were identified that explained 54% of the variation in consumption. After adjusting for major confounders, and stratification by age-group, logistic regression revealed that the most healthful pattern consisted of the consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, bread, rusk, and pasta which reduced the 10-year diabetes risk by 40%, among participants aged 45-55 years. The association reached marginal statistical significance (95% CI: 0.34, 1.07), while no significant association was observed for the other age-groups. When the analysis was additionally adjusted for carbohydrate percentage, statistical significance was lost completely, suggesting a possibly mediating effect of this macronutrient. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm the potentially protective effect of a plant-based dietary pattern in the primary prevention of diabetes, in particular among middle-aged people. Carbohydrate content may be a specific factor in this relationship; other micronutrients found in plant-based food groups may also play a role.
Authors: E Koloverou; D B Panagiotakos; C Pitsavos; C Chrysohoou; E N Georgousopoulou; A Grekas; A Christou; M Chatzigeorgiou; I Skoumas; D Tousoulis; C Stefanadis Journal: Diabetes Metab Res Rev Date: 2015-07-27 Impact factor: 4.876
Authors: Jukka Montonen; Paul Knekt; Tommi Härkänen; Ritva Järvinen; Markku Heliövaara; Arpo Aromaa; Antti Reunanen Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2005-02-01 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: M A Martínez-González; C de la Fuente-Arrillaga; J M Nunez-Cordoba; F J Basterra-Gortari; J J Beunza; Z Vazquez; S Benito; A Tortosa; M Bes-Rastrollo Journal: BMJ Date: 2008-05-29
Authors: Zhangling Chen; Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier; Yanping Li; Megu Y Baden; JoAnn E Manson; Walter C Willett; Trudy Voortman; Frank B Hu; Shilpa N Bhupathiraju Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2021-01-13 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Winston J Craig; Ann Reed Mangels; Ujué Fresán; Kate Marsh; Fayth L Miles; Angela V Saunders; Ella H Haddad; Celine E Heskey; Patricia Johnston; Enette Larson-Meyer; Michael Orlich Journal: Nutrients Date: 2021-11-19 Impact factor: 5.717