The protection role of Atg16l1 in CD11c+dendritic cells in murine colitis.

The autophagy-related 16-like 1 gene (Atg16l1) is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and has been shown to play an essential role in paneth cell function and intestinal homeostasis. However, the functional consequences of Atg16l1 deficiency in myeloid cells, particularly in dendritic cells (DCs), are not fully characterized. The aim of this study is to investigate the functional consequence of Atg16l1 in CD11c+DCs in murine colitis. We generated mice deficient in Atg16l1 in CD11c+DCs. Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) and S. typhimurium infection induced colitis was used to assess the role of DCs specific Atg16l1 deficiency in vivo in murine colitis. Bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDC) were isolated and autophagy function was assessed with microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3β (Map1lc3b or LC3) by western blot. Uptake of Salmonella enteric serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) was assessed by flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular S. typhimurium killing in BMDCs were assessed. We showed worsened colonic inflammation in Atg16l1 deficiency mice in DSS induced murine colitis with increased proinflammatory cytokines of IL-1β and TNF-α. Mechanistic studies performed in primary murine BMDCs showed that Atg16l1 deficiency increased ROS production, reduced microbial killing and impaired antigen processing for altered intracellular trafficking. Together, these results indicate impaired CD11c+DCs function with Atg16l1 deficiency contributes to the severity of murine colitis.