Research Frontiers in Traumatic Brain Injury: Defining the Injury.

With the continued advancement in technology, such as increasingly sophisticated neuroimaging parameters, and the ongoing development of various scientific fields, like serum and blood biomarkers, genetics, and physiology, traumatic brain injury (TBI) research is a dynamic field of study. TBI remains a significant public health concern and research has continued to grow exponentially over the past decade. This review provides an overview of the frontiers of TBI research, from sports concussion to severe TBI, from acute and subacute injury to long-term/chronic outcomes, from assessment and management to prognosis, specifically examining recent neuroimaging, biomarkers, genetics, and physiologic studies.