E Y Bryleva1, S A Keaton1,2,3, J Grit1, Z Madaj4, A Sauro-Nagendra1, L Smart5, S Halstead5, E Achtyes2,5, L Brundin1,5. 1. Center for Neurodegenerative Science, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. 2. Division of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. 3. Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. 4. Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA. 5. Pine Rest Christian Mental Health Services, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Establish whether inflammatory biomarkers-serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-are related to key symptoms of depression, including anxiety and fatigue, in a cross-sectional, out-patient setting to identify biomarkers that reflect psychiatric symptomatology in a naturalistic, real-life population. METHODS: We measured SAA, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in plasma samples from 89 adult psychiatric out-patients by multiplex, high-sensitivity electrochemiluminescent assays. Psychiatric symptoms were evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). RESULTS: Plasma SAA was most robustly associated with depressive symptoms across diagnostic boundaries in this cohort of out-patients. Elevated SAA was significantly associated with higher total scores on the HAMD-17 scale and correlated with multiple scale items that rated symptoms of fatigue and depressed mood, but not with anxiety-related items. CONCLUSIONS: SAA might constitute a cross-diagnostic marker indicative of depressed mood and fatigue in a naturalistic patient setting. Because SAA activates Toll-like receptors 2 and 4, present on macrophages and glial cells, its association with depression severity could also implicate this inflammatory mediator in the pathogenesis of mood disorders.
OBJECTIVE: Establish whether inflammatory biomarkers-serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-are related to key symptoms of depression, including anxiety and fatigue, in a cross-sectional, out-patient setting to identify biomarkers that reflect psychiatric symptomatology in a naturalistic, real-life population. METHODS: We measured SAA, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in plasma samples from 89 adult psychiatric out-patients by multiplex, high-sensitivity electrochemiluminescent assays. Psychiatric symptoms were evaluated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). RESULTS: Plasma SAA was most robustly associated with depressive symptoms across diagnostic boundaries in this cohort of out-patients. Elevated SAA was significantly associated with higher total scores on the HAMD-17 scale and correlated with multiple scale items that rated symptoms of fatigue and depressed mood, but not with anxiety-related items. CONCLUSIONS:SAA might constitute a cross-diagnostic marker indicative of depressed mood and fatigue in a naturalistic patient setting. Because SAA activates Toll-like receptors 2 and 4, present on macrophages and glial cells, its association with depression severity could also implicate this inflammatory mediator in the pathogenesis of mood disorders.
Authors: Sarah A Keaton; Zachary B Madaj; Patrick Heilman; LeAnn Smart; Jamie Grit; Robert Gibbons; Teodor T Postolache; Kimberly Roaten; Eric D Achtyes; Lena Brundin Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2019-01-03 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Sarah A Keaton; Judy Arnetz; Hikmet Jamil; Abir Dhalimi; Paul M Stemmer; Douglas M Ruden; Jolin Yamin; Eric Achtyes; LeAnn Smart; Lena Brundin; Bengt B Arnetz Journal: Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol Date: 2021-11-12