Thoracoplasty for Tuberculosis in the Twenty-first Century.

A new modification of osteoplastic collapse thoracoplasty performed with a minimally invasive approach has been proposed. This operation is a variant of extrapleural thoracoplasty used in the treatment of destructive tuberculosis. The benefits of the proposed method, the surgical techniques, and the results of the authors' research are described. Compared with the conventional variant of osteoplastic thoracoplasty, the rates of bacteriologic conversion (odds ratio [OR], 1.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.72-1.97) and of the closure of cavities (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.98-2.28) have been proved to be higher when the operation is performed with a minimally invasive approach.