Prevalence and distribution of sesamoid bones in the hand determined using digital tomosynthesis.

The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and distribution of sesamoid bones in the hand using digital tomosynthesis (DTS) in comparison to previous studies. Using conventional radiography (CR) and DTS, hand images (81 left and 100 right) taken at a tertiary hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The sesamoid bones were identified in the interphalangeal (IP) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of the thumb (I), and in the distal interphalangeal (DIP) and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) of index (II), middle (III), ring (IV), and little (V) fingers. Differences in number of sesamoid bones detected on CR and DTS were analyzed. Sesamoid bones were observed in MCP I (100%), MCP II (46%), MCP III (2%), MCP IV (2%), MCP V (53%), and IP I (53%) on CR. Using DTS, sesamoid bones were found more often in MCP I (100%), MCP II (54%), MCP III (2%), MCP IV (1%), MCP V (59%), and IP I (75%). Differences in the mean number of sesamoid bones detected on CR and DTS were statistically significant. Sesamoid bones in DIP joints were frequently observed on DTS, but rarely found on CR. Most sesamoid bones in the hand were detected in MCP I, II, V, and IP I joints, and were more often detected on DTS than CR. DTS is a reliable tool to evaluate bony structures in the hand. Clin. Anat. 30:608-613, 2017.