Emily S Lau1, Eugene Braunwald2, Sabina A Murphy2, Stephen D Wiviott2, Marc P Bonaca2, Steen Husted3, Stefan K James4, Lars Wallentin4, Peter Clemmensen5, Matthew T Roe6, E Magnus Ohman6, Robert A Harrington7, Jessica L Mega8, Deepak L Bhatt2, Marc S Sabatine2, Michelle L O'Donoghue9. 1. Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. 2. TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. 3. Department of Cardiology, Århus University Hospital, Århus, Denmark. 4. Department of Medical Sciences and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. 5. Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Medicine, Nykoebing F Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. 6. Division of Cardiology, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina. 7. Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California. 8. Verily Life Sciences, Mountain View, California. 9. TIMI Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: modonoghue@partners.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Sex-specific differences in response to antiplatelet therapies have been described. Whether women and men derive comparable benefit from intensification of antiplatelet therapy remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES: The study investigated the efficacy and safety of the potent P2Y12 inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: A collaborative sex-specific meta-analysis was conducted of phase III or IV randomized trials of potent P2Y12 inhibitors, including prasugrel, ticagrelor, and intravenous cangrelor. Seven trials were included that enrolled a total of 24,494 women and 63,346 men. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as the primary endpoint for each trial. RESULTS: Potent P2Y12 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of MACE by 14% in women (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78 to 0.94) and by 15% in men (HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.90; p interaction = 0.93). Treatment reduced the risk of myocardial infarction by 13% in women (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78 to 0.96) and 16% in men (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.77 to 0.91; p interaction = 0.65), and the risk of stent thrombosis by 51% in women (HR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.65) and 41% in men (HR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.42 to 0.84; p interaction = 0.85). Directional consistency was seen for cardiovascular death in women (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.76 to 1.01) and men (HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.77 to 0.95; p interaction = 0.86). The potent P2Y12 inhibitors increased major bleeding in women (HR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.87 to 1.88) and men (HR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.07; p interaction = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS: In randomized trials, the efficacy and safety of the potent P2Y12 inhibitors were comparable between men and women. Given these data, sex should not influence patient selection for the administration of potent P2Y12 inhibitors.
BACKGROUND: Sex-specific differences in response to antiplatelet therapies have been described. Whether women and men derive comparable benefit from intensification of antiplatelet therapy remains uncertain. OBJECTIVES: The study investigated the efficacy and safety of the potent P2Y12 inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: A collaborative sex-specific meta-analysis was conducted of phase III or IV randomized trials of potent P2Y12 inhibitors, including prasugrel, ticagrelor, and intravenous cangrelor. Seven trials were included that enrolled a total of 24,494 women and 63,346 men. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as the primary endpoint for each trial. RESULTS: Potent P2Y12 inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of MACE by 14% in women (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.78 to 0.94) and by 15% in men (HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.80 to 0.90; p interaction = 0.93). Treatment reduced the risk of myocardial infarction by 13% in women (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78 to 0.96) and 16% in men (HR: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.77 to 0.91; p interaction = 0.65), and the risk of stent thrombosis by 51% in women (HR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.65) and 41% in men (HR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.42 to 0.84; p interaction = 0.85). Directional consistency was seen for cardiovascular death in women (HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.76 to 1.01) and men (HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.77 to 0.95; p interaction = 0.86). The potent P2Y12 inhibitors increased major bleeding in women (HR: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.87 to 1.88) and men (HR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.07; p interaction = 0.62). CONCLUSIONS: In randomized trials, the efficacy and safety of the potent P2Y12 inhibitors were comparable between men and women. Given these data, sex should not influence patient selection for the administration of potent P2Y12 inhibitors.
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