Ralf Böthig1, Ines Kurze2, Kai Fiebag3, Albert Kaufmann4, Wolfgang Schöps5, Thura Kadhum6, Michael Zellner7, Klaus Golka6. 1. Department Neuro-Urology, Centre for Spinal Cord Injuries, BG Trauma Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. r.boethig@bgk-hamburg.de. 2. Department of Paraplegiology and Neuro-Urology, Centre for Spinal Cord Injuries, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, Bad Berka, Germany. 3. Department Neuro-Urology, Centre for Spinal Cord Injuries, BG Trauma Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. 4. Department of Neuro-Urology, Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH, Mönchengladbach, Germany. 5. Urological Practice, Sankt Augustin, Germany. 6. Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany. 7. Urological Department, Johannesbad Fachklinik Bad Füssing, Bad Füssing, Germany.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Life expectancy for people with spinal cord injury has shown a marked increase due to modern advances in treatment methods and in neuro-urology. However, since life expectancy of people with paralysis increases, the risk of developing of urinary bladder cancer is gaining importance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single-centre retrospective evaluation of patient data with spinal cord injuries and proven urinary bladder cancer and summary of the literature. RESULTS: Between 1998 and 2014, 24 (3 female, 21 male) out of a total of 6599 patients with spinal cord injury were diagnosed with bladder cancer. The average age at bladder cancer diagnosis was 57.67 years, which is well below the average for bladder cancer cases in the general population (male: 73, female: 77). All but one patient had a latency period between the onset of the spinal paralysis and tumour diagnosis of more than 10 years. The median latency was 29.83 years. The median survival for these patients was 11.5 months. Of the 24 patients, 19 (79%) had muscle invasive bladder cancer at ≥T2 at the time of diagnosis. The type of neurogenic bladder (neurogenic detrusor overactivity or acontractility) and the form of bladder drainage do not appear to influence the risk. Long-term indwelling catheter drainage played only a minor role in the investigated patients. CONCLUSIONS: The significantly younger age at onset and the frequency of invasive tumours at diagnosis indicate that spinal cord injury influences bladder cancer risk and prognosis as well. Early detection of bladder cancer in patients with spinal cord injury remains a challenge.
INTRODUCTION: Life expectancy for people with spinal cord injury has shown a marked increase due to modern advances in treatment methods and in neuro-urology. However, since life expectancy of people with paralysis increases, the risk of developing of urinary bladder cancer is gaining importance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Single-centre retrospective evaluation of patient data with spinal cord injuries and proven urinary bladder cancer and summary of the literature. RESULTS: Between 1998 and 2014, 24 (3 female, 21 male) out of a total of 6599 patients with spinal cord injury were diagnosed with bladder cancer. The average age at bladder cancer diagnosis was 57.67 years, which is well below the average for bladder cancer cases in the general population (male: 73, female: 77). All but one patient had a latency period between the onset of the spinal paralysis and tumour diagnosis of more than 10 years. The median latency was 29.83 years. The median survival for these patients was 11.5 months. Of the 24 patients, 19 (79%) had muscle invasive bladder cancer at ≥T2 at the time of diagnosis. The type of neurogenic bladder (neurogenic detrusor overactivity or acontractility) and the form of bladder drainage do not appear to influence the risk. Long-term indwelling catheter drainage played only a minor role in the investigated patients. CONCLUSIONS: The significantly younger age at onset and the frequency of invasive tumours at diagnosis indicate that spinal cord injury influences bladder cancer risk and prognosis as well. Early detection of bladder cancer in patients with spinal cord injury remains a challenge.
Authors: Klaus Golka; Ralf Böthig; Wobbeke Weistenhöfer; Olaf P Jungmann; Steffi Bergmann; Michael Zellner; Wolfgang Schöps Journal: Urologie Date: 2022-09-26
Authors: Ralf Böthig; Christian Tiburtius; Wolfgang Schöps; Michael Zellner; Oliver Balzer; Birgitt Kowald; Sven Hirschfeld; Roland Thietje; Aki Pietsch; Ines Kurze; Martin Forchert; Thura Kadhum; Klaus Golka Journal: Mil Med Res Date: 2021-04-29