1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-induced alterations in Na+-H+ exchange in rat colonic brush-border membrane vesicles.

1,2-Dimethylhydrazine, in weekly subcutaneous (s.c.) doses of 20 mg/kg body weight, produces colonic tumors in virtually 100% of rodents, with a latency period of approximately 6 months. To determine whether alterations in Na+-H+ exchange existed before the development of dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer, rats were given s.c. injections of this agent (20 mg/kg body wt. per per week) or diluent for 5 weeks. Animals were then killed, rat colonic brush-border membrane vesicles prepared and amiloride-sensitive sodium-stimulated proton efflux was measured and compared in control and treated-preparations. The results of these studies demonstrated that dimethylhydrazine treatment: (1) significantly increased the Vmax of this exchange without altering the Km for sodium of this exchange process, utilizing the fluorescent pH-sensitive dye, acridine orange; 22Na flux experiments also demonstrated an increase in amiloride-sensitive proton-stimulated sodium influx across treated-membrane vesicles; (2) did not appear to significantly influence Na+ permeability or proton conductance in treated-preparations compared to their control counterparts; and (3) did not significantly affect the kinetic parameters of amiloride-sensitive sodium-stimulated proton efflux in renal cortex brush-border membrane vesicles using acridine orange. This data, therefore, suggests that alterations in Na+-H+ exchange in rat colonic brush-border membranes may be involved in the malignant transformation process induced by this procarcinogen in the large intestine.