Julio López-Bastida1, Juan Pedro López-Siguero2, Juan Oliva-Moreno3, Magaly Perez-Nieves4, Renata Villoro5, Tatiana Dilla6, María Merino5, Dingfeng Jiang4, Isaac Aranda-Reneo7, Jesús Reviriego6, Luis Alberto Vázquez8. 1. University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Real Fábrica de Seda, s/n, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain. Electronic address: julio.lopezbastida@uclm.es. 2. Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Regional University Hospital, Avda Arroyo de los Ángeles s/n, 29011 Málaga, Spain. 3. Department of Economics and Finance, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cobertizo de San Pedro Mártir s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain. 4. Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. 5. Instituto Max Weber, Calle Norias 123, 28221 Majadahonda (Madrid), Spain. 6. Eli Lilly and Company, Avda. de la Industria 30, 28108 Alcobendas (Madrid), Spain. 7. Department of Economics and Finance, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Real Fábrica de Seda, s/n, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain. 8. Department of Endocrinology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, Avda Valdecilla, 39008 Santander, Spain.
Abstract
AIMS: To estimate the social-economic costs of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) in patients aged 0-17years in Spain from a social perspective. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in 2014 of 275 T1DM pediatric outpatients distributed across 12 public health centers in Spain. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics, healthcare utilization and informal care were collected from medical records and questionnaires completed by clinicians and patients' caregivers. RESULTS: A valid sample of 249 individuals was analyzed. The average annual cost for a T1DM patient was €27,274. Direct healthcare costs were €4070 and direct non-healthcare cost were €23,204. Informal (familial) care represented 83% of total cost, followed by medical material (8%), outpatient and primary care visits (3.1%) and insulin (2.1%). Direct healthcare cost per patient statistically differed by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level [mean cost €4704 in HbA1c ≥7.5% (≥58mmol/mol) group vs. €3616 in HbA1c<7.5% (<58mmol/mol) group)]; and by the presence or absence of complications and comorbidities (mean cost €5713 in group with complications or comorbidities vs. €3636 in group without complications or comorbidities). CONCLUSIONS: T1DM amongst pediatric patients incurs in considerable societal costs. Informal care represents the largest cost category.
AIMS: To estimate the social-economic costs of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) in patients aged 0-17years in Spain from a social perspective. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study in 2014 of 275 T1DM pediatric outpatients distributed across 12 public health centers in Spain. Data on demographic and clinical characteristics, healthcare utilization and informal care were collected from medical records and questionnaires completed by clinicians and patients' caregivers. RESULTS: A valid sample of 249 individuals was analyzed. The average annual cost for a T1DM patient was €27,274. Direct healthcare costs were €4070 and direct non-healthcare cost were €23,204. Informal (familial) care represented 83% of total cost, followed by medical material (8%), outpatient and primary care visits (3.1%) and insulin (2.1%). Direct healthcare cost per patient statistically differed by glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level [mean cost €4704 in HbA1c ≥7.5% (≥58mmol/mol) group vs. €3616 in HbA1c<7.5% (<58mmol/mol) group)]; and by the presence or absence of complications and comorbidities (mean cost €5713 in group with complications or comorbidities vs. €3636 in group without complications or comorbidities). CONCLUSIONS: T1DM amongst pediatric patients incurs in considerable societal costs. Informal care represents the largest cost category.
Authors: Zoe McCarroll; Julia Townson; Timothy Pickles; John W Gregory; Rebecca Playle; Michael Robling; Dyfrig A Hughes Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2021-05-19 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: E A J M Spaans; P R van Dijk; K H Groenier; P L P Brand; N Kleefstra; H J G Bilo Journal: BMC Endocr Disord Date: 2018-08-17 Impact factor: 2.763
Authors: Stephané Roze; Jayne Smith-Palmer; Simona de Portu; Alexis Delbaere; Bonnie de Brouwer; Harold W de Valk Journal: Clinicoecon Outcomes Res Date: 2019-01-14