Jennifer O'Loughlin1, Erin K O'Loughlin2, Robert J Wellman3, Marie-Pierre Sylvestre4, Erika N Dugas5, Miguel Chagnon6, Hartley Dutczak5, Johanne Laguë7, Jennifer J McGrath8. 1. Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Institut national de santé publique du Quebec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: jennifer.oloughlin@umontreal.ca. 2. Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Exercise Science, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. 3. Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts. 4. Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. 5. Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. 6. Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. 7. Institut national de santé publique du Quebec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. 8. Department of Psychology, PERFORM Centre & Psychology Department, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Little is known about age-related differences in risk factors for cigarette smoking initiation. We identified predictors of initiation in early, middle, and late adolescence from among sociodemographic factors, indicators of smoking in the social environment, psychological characteristics, lifestyle indicators, and perceived need for cigarettes. METHODS: Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of 1,801 children recruited at age 10-11 years from 29 elementary schools in Montreal, Canada. Multivariable logistic regression within a generalized estimating equations framework was used to identify predictors among never smokers across three 2-year windows: age 11-13 years (n = 1,221); age 13-15 years (n = 737); and age 15-17 years (n = 690). RESULTS: Among the 18 risk factors investigated, two differed across age. Friends' smoking, a strong risk factor in early adolescence (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 5.78 [3.90-8.58]), lost potency in late adolescence (1.83 [1.31-2.57]). Depressive symptoms, a risk factor in early and middle adolescence (1.60 [1.26-2.02] and 1.92 [1.45-2.54], respectively), were inversely associated in late adolescence (.76 [.58-1.00]). Sex, TV viewing, and weight-related goals were not associated with initiation at any age. All other factors were significant in two or three age groups. CONCLUSIONS: Most risk factors for smoking initiation were stable across age. Tobacco control interventions may be robust for risk factors across age groups and may not need adjustment. At all ages, interventions should focus on eliminating smoking in the social environment and on reducing the availability of tobacco products.
PURPOSE: Little is known about age-related differences in risk factors for cigarette smoking initiation. We identified predictors of initiation in early, middle, and late adolescence from among sociodemographic factors, indicators of smoking in the social environment, psychological characteristics, lifestyle indicators, and perceived need for cigarettes. METHODS: Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of 1,801 children recruited at age 10-11 years from 29 elementary schools in Montreal, Canada. Multivariable logistic regression within a generalized estimating equations framework was used to identify predictors among never smokers across three 2-year windows: age 11-13 years (n = 1,221); age 13-15 years (n = 737); and age 15-17 years (n = 690). RESULTS: Among the 18 risk factors investigated, two differed across age. Friends' smoking, a strong risk factor in early adolescence (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 5.78 [3.90-8.58]), lost potency in late adolescence (1.83 [1.31-2.57]). Depressive symptoms, a risk factor in early and middle adolescence (1.60 [1.26-2.02] and 1.92 [1.45-2.54], respectively), were inversely associated in late adolescence (.76 [.58-1.00]). Sex, TV viewing, and weight-related goals were not associated with initiation at any age. All other factors were significant in two or three age groups. CONCLUSIONS: Most risk factors for smoking initiation were stable across age. Tobacco control interventions may be robust for risk factors across age groups and may not need adjustment. At all ages, interventions should focus on eliminating smoking in the social environment and on reducing the availability of tobacco products.
Authors: Jennifer O'Loughlin; Igor Karp; Theodoro Koulis; Gilles Paradis; Joseph Difranza Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2009-07-27 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Robert J Wellman; Erika N Dugas; Hartley Dutczak; Erin K O'Loughlin; Geetanjali D Datta; Béatrice Lauzon; Jennifer O'Loughlin Journal: Am J Prev Med Date: 2016-05-11 Impact factor: 5.043
Authors: Ilya Yaroslavsky; Jeremy W Pettit; Peter M Lewinsohn; John R Seeley; Robert E Roberts Journal: J Affect Disord Date: 2012-09-08 Impact factor: 4.839
Authors: Simoni Urbano da Silva; Vivian Siqueira Santos Gonçalves; Laura Augusta Barufaldi; Kenia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2022-10-04 Impact factor: 4.135
Authors: Hypatia A Bolívar; Rebecca J Elliott; William Middleton; Jin H Yoon; Chizimuzo T C Okoli; Ilana Haliwa; Charles C Miller; Philip A Ades; Diann E Gaalema Journal: J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev Date: 2021-01-01 Impact factor: 3.646