Variation in life-history characteristics over a clinal gradient in three populations of a communal orb-weaving spider.

Adult size and fecundity, total reproductive biomass, egg size, and spiderling size and resistance to desiccation were compared in three populations of the communal orb-weaving spider,Metepeira spinipes, in Mexico. In a desert population and in one from a moist tropical forest adult size, fecundity, and total reproductive biomass were similar, but were markedly smaller than in a climatologically intermediate agricultural habitat. Egg size and protein content were greater in the desert and agricultural habitats than in the moist forest, but spiderling size increased from desert to agricultural to moist forest populations. Desert spiderlings survived significantly longer than moist forest spiderlings at all humidity treatments over a 10% to 100% range. An explanation for these results is proposed based on apparent differences in energy allocation and expenditure which arise from the distinct climate, colony structure, and prey and space availability in the three habitats.