Christopher Naoum1, Daniel S Berman1, Amir Ahmadi1, Philipp Blanke1, Heidi Gransar1, Jagat Narula1, Leslee J Shaw1, Leonard Kritharides1, Stephan Achenbach1, Mouaz H Al-Mallah1, Daniele Andreini1, Matthew J Budoff1, Filippo Cademartiri1, Tracy Q Callister1, Hyuk-Jae Chang1, Kavitha Chinnaiyan1, Benjamin Chow1, Ricardo C Cury1, Augustin DeLago1, Allison Dunning1, Gudrun Feuchtner1, Martin Hadamitzky1, Joerg Hausleiter1, Philipp A Kaufmann1, Yong-Jin Kim1, Erica Maffei1, Hugo Marquez1, Gianluca Pontone1, Gilbert Raff1, Ronen Rubinshtein1, Todd C Villines1, James Min1, Jonathon Leipsic2. 1. From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (C.N., P.B., J.L.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital Medical Centre, New York, NY (A.A., J.N.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, Concord Hospital and The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI (M.H.A.-M.); Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan, Italy (D.A., G.P.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier, Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C., G.R.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.D.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Munchen, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Surgery, Curry Cabral Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal (H.M.); Department of Cardiology at the Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, (R.R.); Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.); and Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.M.). 2. From the Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (C.N., P.B., J.L.); Department of Imaging, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (D.S.B., H.G.); Department of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Hospital Medical Centre, New York, NY (A.A., J.N.); Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (L.J.S.); Department of Cardiology, Concord Hospital and The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (L.K.); Department of Medicine, University of Erlangen, Germany (S.A.); Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI (M.H.A.-M.); Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan, Italy (D.A., G.P.); Department of Medicine, Harbor University of California Los Angeles Medical Center (M.J.B.); Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Monastier, Treviso, Italy (F.C., E.M.); Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands (F.C., E.M.); Tennessee Heart and Vascular Institute, Hendersonville (T.Q.C.); Division of Cardiology, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea (H.-J.C.); William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oaks, MI (K.C., G.R.); Department of Medicine and Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (B.C.); Baptist Cardiac and Vascular Institute, Miami, FL (R.C.C.); Capitol Cardiology Associates, Albany, NY (A.D.); Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC (A.D.); Department of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria (G.F.); Division of Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Munchen, Munich, Germany (M.H., J.H.); Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland (P.A.K.); Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea (Y.-J.K.); Department of Surgery, Curry Cabral Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal (H.M.); Department of Cardiology at the Lady Davis Carmel Medical Center, The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, (R.R.); Department of Medicine, Walter Reed Medical Center, Washington, DC (T.C.V.); and Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Weill Cornell Medical College, New York (J.M.). jleipsic@providencehealth.bc.ca.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Age-adjusted coronary artery disease (CAD) burden identified on coronary computed tomography angiography predicts major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk; however, it seldom contributes to clinical decision making because of a lack of nomographic data. We aimed to develop clinically pragmatic age- and sex-specific nomograms of CAD burden using coronary computed tomography angiography and to validate their prognostic use. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients prospectively enrolled in phase I of the CONFIRM registry (Coronary CT Angiography Evaluation for Clinical Outcomes) were included (derivation cohort: n=21,132; 46% female) to develop CAD nomograms based on age-sex percentiles of segment involvement score (SIS) at each year of life (40-79 years). The relationship between SIS age-sex percentiles (SIS%) and MACE (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and late revascularization) was tested in a nonoverlapping validation cohort (phase II, CONFIRM registry; n=3030, 44% female) by stratifying patients into 3 SIS% groups (≤50th, 51-75th, and >75th) and comparing annualized MACE rates and time to MACE using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for Framingham risk and chest pain typicality. Age-sex percentiles were well fitted to second-order polynomial curves (men: R2=0.86±0.12; women: R2=0.86±0.14). Using the nomograms, there were 1576, 965, and 489 patients, respectively, in the ≤50th, 51-75th, and >75th SIS% groups. Annualized event rates were higher among patients with greater CAD burden (2.1% [95% confidence interval: 1.7%-2.7%], 3.9% [95% confidence interval: 3.0%-5.1%], and 7.2% [95% confidence interval: 5.4%-9.6%] in ≤50th, 51-75th, and >75th SIS% groups, respectively; P<0.001). Adjusted MACE risk was significantly increased among patients in SIS% groups above the median compared with patients below the median (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.9 [1.3-2.8] for 51-75th SIS% group and 3.4 [2.3-5.0] for >75th SIS% group; P<0.01 for both). CONCLUSIONS: We have developed clinically pragmatic age- and sex-specific nomograms of CAD prevalence using coronary computed tomography angiography findings. Global plaque burden measured using SIS% is predictive of cardiac events independent of traditional risk assessment. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01443637.
BACKGROUND: Age-adjusted coronary artery disease (CAD) burden identified on coronary computed tomography angiography predicts major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk; however, it seldom contributes to clinical decision making because of a lack of nomographic data. We aimed to develop clinically pragmatic age- and sex-specific nomograms of CAD burden using coronary computed tomography angiography and to validate their prognostic use. METHODS AND RESULTS:Patients prospectively enrolled in phase I of the CONFIRM registry (Coronary CT Angiography Evaluation for Clinical Outcomes) were included (derivation cohort: n=21,132; 46% female) to develop CAD nomograms based on age-sex percentiles of segment involvement score (SIS) at each year of life (40-79 years). The relationship between SIS age-sex percentiles (SIS%) and MACE (all-cause death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and late revascularization) was tested in a nonoverlapping validation cohort (phase II, CONFIRM registry; n=3030, 44% female) by stratifying patients into 3 SIS% groups (≤50th, 51-75th, and >75th) and comparing annualized MACE rates and time to MACE using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for Framingham risk and chest pain typicality. Age-sex percentiles were well fitted to second-order polynomial curves (men: R2=0.86±0.12; women: R2=0.86±0.14). Using the nomograms, there were 1576, 965, and 489 patients, respectively, in the ≤50th, 51-75th, and >75th SIS% groups. Annualized event rates were higher among patients with greater CAD burden (2.1% [95% confidence interval: 1.7%-2.7%], 3.9% [95% confidence interval: 3.0%-5.1%], and 7.2% [95% confidence interval: 5.4%-9.6%] in ≤50th, 51-75th, and >75th SIS% groups, respectively; P<0.001). Adjusted MACE risk was significantly increased among patients in SIS% groups above the median compared with patients below the median (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.9 [1.3-2.8] for 51-75th SIS% group and 3.4 [2.3-5.0] for >75th SIS% group; P<0.01 for both). CONCLUSIONS: We have developed clinically pragmatic age- and sex-specific nomograms of CAD prevalence using coronary computed tomography angiography findings. Global plaque burden measured using SIS% is predictive of cardiac events independent of traditional risk assessment. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01443637.
Authors: Michelle C Williams; Alastair J Moss; Marc Dweck; Philip D Adamson; Shirjel Alam; Amanda Hunter; Anoop S V Shah; Tania Pawade; Jonathan R Weir-McCall; Giles Roditi; Edwin J R van Beek; David E Newby; Edward D Nicol Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2019-01-29 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Rong Bing; Trisha Singh; Marc R Dweck; Nicholas L Mills; Michelle C Williams; Philip D Adamson; David E Newby Journal: Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes Date: 2020-10-01