| Literature DB >> 28292120 |
Idrissa Basse1, Ndéye Rama Diagne Guèye1, Dina Cyrienne Obambi Diop1, Ndiémé Ndiaye Diawara1, Aïssatou Ba2, Ndiogou Seck3, Aliou Thiongane2, Abou Ba2, Aliou Abdoulaye Ndongo1, Amadou Lamine Fall2, Djibril Boiro4, Lamine Thiam5, Marie Mbengue1.
Abstract
Portal cavernoma is a venous vascular anomaly characterized by the formation of a network of veins whose caliber is increased and carrying portal blood. It is due to a thrombotic and always chronic occlusion of the extra-hepatic portal venous system. This is one of the most common causes of portal hypertension in children. Its severity is mainly associated with an high risk of gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Very few cases have been described mainly in African literature. We report the case of a 4-year old boy admitted with very abundant haematemesis, melena and dizziness associated with anemic syndrome on examination. Laboratory tests showed severe microcytic hypochromic anemia with normal renal and hepatic function. Gastrointestinal endoscopy showed esophageal varices (grade III) with red signs. Abdominal ultrasound showed portal vein formation resulting in the classic "spiderweb", in favor of a cavernoma. Abdominal CT scan confirmed portal cavernoma associated with portal hypertensive syndrome and vascular anomaly like an ectopic splenic vein anastomosis with the trunk formed by the gonadal vein and the inferior mesenteric vein. Therapeutic approach was based on blood transfusion and beta-blocker treatment. Portal cavernoma can be a major complication of vascular malformations often unknown. In case of gastrointestinal haemorrhage in children, diagnosis should be suspected. Its management requires early treatment and should be adapted to the patient's condition in order to prevent a fatal evolution.Entities:
Keywords: Portal cavernoma; abdominal CT scan; abdominal ultrasound; child; endoscopy
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Year: 2016 PMID: 28292120 PMCID: PMC5326072 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2016.25.158.10616
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Pan Afr Med J
Figure 1Image échographique montrant le lacis veineux portal
Figure 2Image échographique montrant le lacis veineux portal avec flux sanguin doppler
Figure 3Scanner abdominal montrant le cavernome porte
Figure 4Scanner abdominal montrant la malformation vasculaire