Apostolos Tsimploulis1, Helen M Sheriff2, Phillip H Lam1, Daniel J Dooley1, Markus S Anker3, Vasilios Papademetriou4, Ross D Fletcher5, Charles Faselis6, Gregg C Fonarow7, Prakash Deedwania8, Michel White9, Miroslava Valentova10, Marc R Blackman11, Maciej Banach12, Charity J Morgan13, Kannayiram Alagiakrishnan14, Richard M Allman15, Wilbert S Aronow16, Stefan D Anker17, Ali Ahmed18. 1. Georgetown University Hospital/Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA. 2. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA. 3. Charité Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Cardiology, Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: ankerms@aol.com. 4. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA. 5. Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA. 6. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. 7. University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 8. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; University of California, San Francisco, Fresno, CA, USA. 9. Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 10. University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. 11. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA; George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. 12. Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland. 13. University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. 14. University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. 15. Department of Veterans Affairs, Geriatrics and Extended Care Services, Washington, DC, USA. 16. Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA. 17. University of California, San Francisco, Fresno, CA, USA. 18. Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Electronic address: aliahmedmdmph@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) is common in older adults and is a risk factor for incident heart failure (HF). We examined the association of systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH) with incident HF and other outcomes in older adults. METHODS: In the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), 5776 community-dwelling adults≥65years had data on baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP). We excluded those with DBP<60mmHg (n=821), DBP≥90 and SBP<140mmHg (n=28), normal BP, taking anti-hypertensive drugs (n=1138), normal BP, not taking anti-hypertensive drugs, history of hypertension (n=193), and baseline HF (n=101). Of the remaining 3495, 1838 had ISH (SBP≥140 and DBP<90mmHg) and 240 had SDH (SBP≥140 and DBP≥90mmHg). The main outcome was centrally-adjudicated incident HF over 13years of follow-up. RESULTS: Participants had a mean (±SD) age of 73 (±6)years, 57% were women, and 16% African American. Incident HF occurred in 25%, 22% and 11% of participants with ISH, SDH and no hypertension, respectively. Compared to no hypertension, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident HF associated with ISH and SDH were 1.86 (1.51-2.30) and 1.73 (1.23-2.42), respectively. Cardiovascular mortality occurred in 22%, 24% and 9% of those with ISH, SDH and no hypertension, respectively with respective multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of 1.88 (1.49-2.37) and 2.30 (1.64-3.24). CONCLUSION: Among older adults with hypertension, both SDH and ISH have similar associations with incident HF and cardiovascular mortality. Published by Elsevier B.V.
BACKGROUND: Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) is common in older adults and is a risk factor for incident heart failure (HF). We examined the association of systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH) with incident HF and other outcomes in older adults. METHODS: In the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), 5776 community-dwelling adults≥65years had data on baseline systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP). We excluded those with DBP<60mmHg (n=821), DBP≥90 and SBP<140mmHg (n=28), normal BP, taking anti-hypertensive drugs (n=1138), normal BP, not taking anti-hypertensive drugs, history of hypertension (n=193), and baseline HF (n=101). Of the remaining 3495, 1838 had ISH (SBP≥140 and DBP<90mmHg) and 240 had SDH (SBP≥140 and DBP≥90mmHg). The main outcome was centrally-adjudicated incident HF over 13years of follow-up. RESULTS:Participants had a mean (±SD) age of 73 (±6)years, 57% were women, and 16% African American. Incident HF occurred in 25%, 22% and 11% of participants with ISH, SDH and no hypertension, respectively. Compared to no hypertension, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident HF associated with ISH and SDH were 1.86 (1.51-2.30) and 1.73 (1.23-2.42), respectively. Cardiovascular mortality occurred in 22%, 24% and 9% of those with ISH, SDH and no hypertension, respectively with respective multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) of 1.88 (1.49-2.37) and 2.30 (1.64-3.24). CONCLUSION: Among older adults with hypertension, both SDH and ISH have similar associations with incident HF and cardiovascular mortality. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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