Masahiro Horiuchi1, Koichi Okita2. 1. Division of Human Environmental Science, Mt. Fuji Research Institute, Fuji-yoshida-city, Yamanashi, Japan; Northern Region of Life Long Sports Center, Hokusho University, Ebetsu-city, Hokkaido, Japan. Electronic address: mhoriuchi@mfri.pref.yamanashi.jp. 2. Northern Region of Life Long Sports Center, Hokusho University, Ebetsu-city, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Sport Education, School of Life Long Sport, Hokusho University, Ebetsu-city, Hokkaido, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of arm-cranking exercise training on plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) as a risk factor of deep vein thrombosis, along with general physical parameters such as muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and hemodynamics, in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and control subjects. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING: Community-based supervised intervention. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (N=17) comprised individuals with SCI (n=9) who volunteered for this study, and able-bodied individuals (n=8) matched for age, height, and body mass index who were assessed at baseline only. INTERVENTION: The arm-cranking exercise program was performed for 10 weeks with 4 sessions per week. Sessions consisted of 2 sets of warmup (5min) and arm crank exercises (25min) with a 10-minute recovery at an intensity of 50% to 70% of heart rate reserve. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body mass (BM), waist circumference (WC), aerobic capacity (peak oxygen consumption [Vo2peak]), PAI-1, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and lipids. RESULTS: PAI-1, BM, WC, systolic blood pressure, and triglycerides (TG) decreased, and Vo2peak increased after training (P<.05, respectively). Spearman rank-order analysis revealed that changes in PAI-1 were related to changes in Vo2peak, BM, WC, TG, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that WC was the most sensitive factor for predicting changes in PAI-1 (P=.038). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that 10 weeks of arm-cranking exercise training for people with SCI may help to reduce the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. In addition, changes in abdominal fat may be related to changes in PAI-1 in the SCI population.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of arm-cranking exercise training on plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) as a risk factor of deep vein thrombosis, along with general physical parameters such as muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and hemodynamics, in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and control subjects. DESIGN: Longitudinal study. SETTING: Community-based supervised intervention. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (N=17) comprised individuals with SCI (n=9) who volunteered for this study, and able-bodied individuals (n=8) matched for age, height, and body mass index who were assessed at baseline only. INTERVENTION: The arm-cranking exercise program was performed for 10 weeks with 4 sessions per week. Sessions consisted of 2 sets of warmup (5min) and arm crank exercises (25min) with a 10-minute recovery at an intensity of 50% to 70% of heart rate reserve. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body mass (BM), waist circumference (WC), aerobic capacity (peak oxygen consumption [Vo2peak]), PAI-1, blood pressure, glucose metabolism, and lipids. RESULTS:PAI-1, BM, WC, systolic blood pressure, and triglycerides (TG) decreased, and Vo2peak increased after training (P<.05, respectively). Spearman rank-order analysis revealed that changes in PAI-1 were related to changes in Vo2peak, BM, WC, TG, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that WC was the most sensitive factor for predicting changes in PAI-1 (P=.038). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that 10 weeks of arm-cranking exercise training for people with SCI may help to reduce the risk factors of cardiovascular disease. In addition, changes in abdominal fat may be related to changes in PAI-1 in the SCI population.
Authors: Charles H Hubscher; Jennifer Wyles; Anthony Gallahar; Kristen Johnson; Andrea Willhite; Susan J Harkema; April N Herrity Journal: Arch Phys Med Rehabil Date: 2020-12-03 Impact factor: 3.966
Authors: Kyle Graham; Ceren Yarar-Fisher; Jia Li; Kevin M McCully; James H Rimmer; Danille Powell; C Scott Bickel; Gordon Fisher Journal: Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil Date: 2019-05-16