Megan H Touchette1, Erik R Van Vlack2, Lu Bai2, Jia Kim1, Armand B Cognetta3, Mary L Previti1, Keriann M Backus3, Dwight W Martin4,5, Benjamin F Cravatt3, Jessica C Seeliger1. 1. Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States. 2. Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11790, United States. 3. Department of Chemical Physiology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute , La Jolla, California 92037, United States. 4. Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States. 5. Proteomics Center, Stony Brook University , Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States.
Abstract
Outer membrane lipids in pathogenic mycobacteria are important for virulence and survival. Although the biosynthesis of these lipids has been extensively studied, mechanisms responsible for their assembly in the outer membrane are not understood. In the study of Gram-negative outer membrane assembly, protein-protein interactions define transport mechanisms, but analogous interactions have not been explored in mycobacteria. Here we identified interactions with the lipid transport protein LprG. Using site-specific photo-cross-linking in live mycobacteria, we mapped three major interaction interfaces within LprG. We went on to identify proteins that cross-link at the entrance to the lipid binding pocket, an area likely relevant to LprG transport function. We verified LprG site-specific interactions with two hits, the conserved lipoproteins LppK and LppI. We further showed that LprG interacts physically and functionally with the mycolyltransferase Ag85A, as loss of either protein leads to similar defects in cell growth and mycolylation. Overall, our results support a model in which protein interactions coordinate multiple pathways in outer membrane biogenesis and connect lipid biosynthesis to transport.
Outer membrane lipids iical">n pathogenic mycobacteria are important for virulence and survival. Although the biosyical">nthesis of these n class="Chemical">lipids has been extensively studied, mechanisms responsible for their assembly in the outer membrane are not understood. In the study of Gram-negative outer membrane assembly, protein-protein interactions define transport mechanisms, but analogous interactions have not been explored in mycobacteria. Here we identified interactions with the lipid transport protein LprG. Using site-specific photo-cross-linking in live mycobacteria, we mapped three major interaction interfaces within LprG. We went on to identify proteins that cross-link at the entrance to the lipid binding pocket, an area likely relevant to LprG transport function. We verified LprG site-specific interactions with two hits, the conserved lipoproteins LppK and LppI. We further showed that LprG interacts physically and functionally with the mycolyltransferase Ag85A, as loss of either protein leads to similar defects in cell growth and mycolylation. Overall, our results support a model in which protein interactions coordinate multiple pathways in outer membrane biogenesis and connect lipid biosynthesis to transport.
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