Woo Seok Yang1, Donghyun Kim2, Young-Su Yi3, Ji Hye Kim4, Hye Yoon Jeong5, Kyeonghwan Hwang6, Jong-Hoon Kim7, Junseong Park8, Jae Youl Cho9. 1. Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: real0902@gmail.com. 2. Heritage Material Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Unit, Yongin 446-729, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: dhkim417@amorepacific.com. 3. Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: ysyi@cju.ac.kr. 4. Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: kjhmlkjhml@hanmail.net. 5. Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: you8755@nate.com. 6. Heritage Material Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Unit, Yongin 446-729, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: khhwang@amorepacific.com. 7. Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jhkim1@chonbuk.ac.kr. 8. Heritage Material Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Unit, Yongin 446-729, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: superbody@amorepacific.com. 9. Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jaecho@skku.edu.
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Wild chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum) is one of well-known medicinal plants traditionally used in Korea and China. As a variant of wild chrysanthemum, white wild chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum var. albescens) is also ethnopharmacologically applied to treat various symptoms such as inflammatory diseases. AIM OF STUDY: Although the anti-inflammatory activity of Chrysanthemum indicum has been reported, the anti-inflammatory activity and underlying molecular mechanism of white wild chrysanthemum are poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effects of Chrysanthemum indicum var. albescens methanol extract (Civ-ME) on the production of inflammatory mediators, expression of pro-inflammatory genes, cell viability, and the activities of intracellular signaling molecules and transcription factors were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. RESULTS: Civ-ME suppressed the production of both nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) without cytotoxicity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Civ-ME was found to reduce the mRNA levels of inflammatory genes such as inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and reduced NF-κB-mediated transcriptional activation. Civ-ME inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB (p65 and p50), and its upstream signaling composed of IκBα and IKKα/β. An NF-κB luciferase reporter gene assay and an in vitro kinase assay confirmed that AKT1 and AKT2 might be direct pharmacological targets of Civ-ME. In addition, luteolin was identified by HPLC analysis as the main active pharmacological components of Civ-ME. CONCLUSION: Civ-ME exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by targeting AKT1 and AKT2 in the NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Wild chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum) is one of well-known medicinal plants traditionally used in Korea and China. As a variant of wild chrysanthemum, white wild chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum indicum var. albescens) is also ethnopharmacologically applied to treat various symptoms such as inflammatory diseases. AIM OF STUDY: Although the anti-inflammatory activity of Chrysanthemum indicum has been reported, the anti-inflammatory activity and underlying molecular mechanism of white wild chrysanthemum are poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effects of Chrysanthemum indicum var. albescensmethanol extract (Civ-ME) on the production of inflammatory mediators, expression of pro-inflammatory genes, cell viability, and the activities of intracellular signaling molecules and transcription factors were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. RESULTS:Civ-ME suppressed the production of both nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) without cytotoxicity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Civ-ME was found to reduce the mRNA levels of inflammatory genes such as inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and reduced NF-κB-mediated transcriptional activation. Civ-ME inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB (p65 and p50), and its upstream signaling composed of IκBα and IKKα/β. An NF-κB luciferase reporter gene assay and an in vitro kinase assay confirmed that AKT1 and AKT2 might be direct pharmacological targets of Civ-ME. In addition, luteolin was identified by HPLC analysis as the main active pharmacological components of Civ-ME. CONCLUSION:Civ-ME exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by targeting AKT1 and AKT2 in the NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses.
Authors: Jeong-Oog Lee; Eunju Choi; Kon Kuk Shin; Yo Han Hong; Han Gyung Kim; Deok Jeong; Mohammad Amjad Hossain; Hyun Soo Kim; Young-Su Yi; Donghyun Kim; Eunji Kim; Jae Youl Cho Journal: J Ginseng Res Date: 2018-10-27 Impact factor: 6.060
Authors: Jiwon Jang; Jong Sub Lee; Young-Jin Jang; Eui Su Choung; Wan Yi Li; Sang Woo Lee; Eunji Kim; Jong-Hoon Kim; Jae Youl Cho Journal: Biomolecules Date: 2020-05-10