Uric acid nephrolithiasis and acute renal failure secondary to streptozotocin nephrotoxicity.

Uric acid nephrolithiasis developed in a 75-year-old man who had received a large cumulative dose of streptozotocin for treatment of metastatic islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas. Oligoanuric renal failure mediated by massive intraureteral uric acid deposits occurred despite normal serum concentrations of uric acid. This case implicates the uricosuric effects of streptozotocin in the pathogenesis of uric acid nephropathy and suggests that renal uric acid excretion should be monitored routinely in patients receiving large cumulative doses of this drug.