Texton and sparse representation based texture classification of lung parenchyma in CT images.

Automated texture analysis of lung computed tomography (CT) images is a critical tool in subtyping pulmonary emphysema and diagnosing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Texton-based methods encode lung textures with nearest-texton frequency histograms, and have achieved high performance for supervised classification of emphysema subtypes from annotated lung CT images. In this work, we first explore characterizing lung textures with sparse decomposition from texton dictionaries, using different regularization strategies, and then extend the sparsity-inducing constraint to the construction of the dictionaries. The methods were evaluated on a publicly available lung CT database of annotated emphysema subtypes. We show that enforcing sparse decompositions from texton dictionaries and unsupervised dictionary learning can achieve high classification accuracy (>90%). The flexibility of sparse-inducing models embedded either in the representation stage or dictionary learning stage has potential in providing consistency in classification performance on heterogeneous lung CT datasets with further parameter tuning.