Kyoung Min Kim1, Sojeong Nam1, Soo Yeon Kim1, Soo Min Lee1, Jae-Won Choi1, Taewoong Kang1, Jun Won Kim2. 1. a Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry , Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea. 2. b Department of Psychiatry , Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine , Daegu , Republic of Korea.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To investigate differences in psychopathological, temperamental and characteristic factors between young adults with and without persistent Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. METHODS: A total of 429 university students were divided into three groups: persistent adult ADHD (n = 53), only childhood ADHD (n = 56) and healthy controls (n = 320). The Korean Adult ADHD Scale, Korean Wender-Utah Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Korean Young Internet Addiction Scale, and Temperament Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R; based on Cloninger's seven factor model of temperament and character) were used to evaluate psychopathological factors. RESULTS: Participants with persistent adult ADHD symptoms had significantly higher levels of childhood ADHD, depression, anxiety and the Internet addiction symptoms than did the only-childhood ADHD and control groups. The adult ADHD group also had significantly higher tendencies toward novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and self-transcendence, as well as low self-directedness and cooperativeness. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that persistent ADHD is associated with several unfavourable psychopathological, temperamental and characteristic factors. Therefore, thorough evaluation of these factors for childhood ADHD could help predict prognoses and provide treatment plans for preventing persistent ADHD into adulthood.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate differences in psychopathological, temperamental and characteristic factors between young adults with and without persistent Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. METHODS: A total of 429 university students were divided into three groups: persistent adult ADHD (n = 53), only childhood ADHD (n = 56) and healthy controls (n = 320). The Korean Adult ADHD Scale, Korean Wender-Utah Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Korean Young Internet Addiction Scale, and Temperament Character Inventory-Revised (TCI-R; based on Cloninger's seven factor model of temperament and character) were used to evaluate psychopathological factors. RESULTS:Participants with persistent adult ADHD symptoms had significantly higher levels of childhood ADHD, depression, anxiety and the Internet addiction symptoms than did the only-childhood ADHD and control groups. The adult ADHD group also had significantly higher tendencies toward novelty seeking, harm avoidance, and self-transcendence, as well as low self-directedness and cooperativeness. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that persistent ADHD is associated with several unfavourable psychopathological, temperamental and characteristic factors. Therefore, thorough evaluation of these factors for childhood ADHD could help predict prognoses and provide treatment plans for preventing persistent ADHD into adulthood.
Authors: Veera M Rajagopal; Jinjie Duan; Laura Vilar-Ribó; Jakob Grove; Tetyana Zayats; J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga; F Kyle Satterstrom; María Soler Artigas; Jonas Bybjerg-Grauholm; Marie Bækvad-Hansen; Thomas D Als; Anders Rosengren; Mark J Daly; Benjamin M Neale; Merete Nordentoft; Thomas Werge; Ole Mors; David M Hougaard; Preben B Mortensen; Marta Ribasés; Anders D Børglum; Ditte Demontis Journal: Nat Genet Date: 2022-08-04 Impact factor: 41.307