Laís Fajersztajn1,2, Paulo Saldiva3,4, Luiz Alberto Amador Pereira5, Victor Figueiredo Leite6, Anna Maria Buehler7. 1. Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. laisfajer@gmail.com. 2. Institute for Advanced Studies of the University of São Paulo-IEA, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. laisfajer@gmail.com. 3. Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution (LIM05), Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 4. Institute for Advanced Studies of the University of São Paulo-IEA, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 5. Collective Health Pos-Graduation Program, Catholic University of Santos, Santos, SP, Brazil. 6. Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. 7. Health Technology Assessment Unit, Institute of Health Education and Science, German Hospital Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Ambient air pollution is among the leading risks for health worldwide and by 2050 will largely overcome deaths due to unsafe sanitation and malaria, but local evidence from Latin America (LA) is scarce. We aimed to summarize the effect of short-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) on morbidity and mortality in Latin America and evaluate evidence coverage and quality, using systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: The comprehensive search (six online databases and hand-searching) identified studies investigating the short-term associations between PM2.5 and daily health events in LA. Two reviewers independently accessed the internal validity of the studies and used random-effect models in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: We retrieved 1628 studies. Nine were elected for the qualitative analysis and seven for the quantitative analyses. Each 10 µg/m3 increments in daily PM2.5 concentrations was significantly associated with increased risk for respiratory and cardiovascular mortality in all-ages (polled RR = 1.02, 95% CI, 1.02-1.02 and RR = 1.01, 95% CI , 1.01-1.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Short-term exposure to PM2.5 in LA is significantly associated with increased risk for respiratory and cardiovascular mortality. Evidence is concentrated in few cities and some presented high risk of bias.
OBJECTIVES: Ambient air pollution is among the leading risks for health worldwide and by 2050 will largely overcome deaths due to unsafe sanitation and malaria, but local evidence from Latin America (LA) is scarce. We aimed to summarize the effect of short-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) on morbidity and mortality in Latin America and evaluate evidence coverage and quality, using systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: The comprehensive search (six online databases and hand-searching) identified studies investigating the short-term associations between PM2.5 and daily health events in LA. Two reviewers independently accessed the internal validity of the studies and used random-effect models in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: We retrieved 1628 studies. Nine were elected for the qualitative analysis and seven for the quantitative analyses. Each 10 µg/m3 increments in daily PM2.5 concentrations was significantly associated with increased risk for respiratory and cardiovascular mortality in all-ages (polled RR = 1.02, 95% CI, 1.02-1.02 and RR = 1.01, 95% CI , 1.01-1.02, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Short-term exposure to PM2.5 in LA is significantly associated with increased risk for respiratory and cardiovascular mortality. Evidence is concentrated in few cities and some presented high risk of bias.
Entities:
Keywords:
Air pollution; Fine particulate matter; Latin America; Mortality; PM2.5; Particulate matter; Systematic review and meta-analysis
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