Nora Baker1, Carmen Tong1, Jay Simhan2,3. 1. Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 2. Department of Urology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, PA, USA. jsimhan@gmail.com. 3. Urologic Trauma, Reconstruction and Prosthetics, Einstein Healthcare Network, Temple Health and the Fox Chase Cancer Center, 1200 Tabor Road, Moss/3 Sley, Philadelphia, PA, 19141, USA. jsimhan@gmail.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Technological advancements in urologic endoscopy within the last decades have improved outcomes following bladder outlet reduction surgery while minimizing risks of short- and intermediate-term complications. This review aims to examine late complications of endoscopic reduction of the prostate and the various treatment options available. RECENT FINDINGS: Urinary incontinence, ejaculatory dysfunction, urethral strictures, bladder neck contractures, and fistula formations are the most common delayed complications following bladder outlet reduction surgery. Evaluation of these complications typically involves a combination of endoscopic examination, urodynamic findings, pelvic imaging, and review of pre-existing symptoms. Treatment options range from conservative measures such as pelvic floor muscle therapy to complex reconstructive procedures including anti-incontinence surgery, urethral reconstruction, and permanent urinary diversion. Although rare, late complications of bladder outlet reduction surgery are important to recognize in order to manage appropriately. Careful evaluation involving multiple diagnostic modalities with consideration for referral to a dedicated reconstructive urologist may be warranted in complex cases.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Technological advancements in urologic endoscopy within the last decades have improved outcomes following bladder outlet reduction surgery while minimizing risks of short- and intermediate-term complications. This review aims to examine late complications of endoscopic reduction of the prostate and the various treatment options available. RECENT FINDINGS: Urinary incontinence, ejaculatory dysfunction, urethral strictures, bladder neck contractures, and fistula formations are the most common delayed complications following bladder outlet reduction surgery. Evaluation of these complications typically involves a combination of endoscopic examination, urodynamic findings, pelvic imaging, and review of pre-existing symptoms. Treatment options range from conservative measures such as pelvic floor muscle therapy to complex reconstructive procedures including anti-incontinence surgery, urethral reconstruction, and permanent urinary diversion. Although rare, late complications of bladder outlet reduction surgery are important to recognize in order to manage appropriately. Careful evaluation involving multiple diagnostic modalities with consideration for referral to a dedicated reconstructive urologist may be warranted in complex cases.
Entities:
Keywords:
Bladder outlet reduction surgery complications; Erectile dysfunction; Laser vaporization; TURP; Transurethral resection of the prostate; Urethral strictures
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