Sigrun Henjum1, Øyvind Lie2, Manjeswori Ulak3, Andrew L Thorne-Lyman4,5, Ram K Chandyo6, Prakash S Shrestha3, Wafaie W Fawzi5, Tor A Strand7, Marian Kjellevold2. 1. Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, 0130, Oslo, Norway. sigrun.henjum@hioa.no. 2. National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research (NIFES), P.O. Box 2029, 5817, Bergen, Norway. 3. Department of Child Health, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj, P.O. Box 1524, 44600, Kathmandu, Nepal. 4. Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. 5. Departments of Nutrition, Epidemiology, and Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. 6. Department of Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical College, 21266, Kathmandu, Nepal. 7. Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust and Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, 2629, Lillehammer, Norway.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Essential fatty acids play a critical role in the growth and development of infants, but little is known about the fatty acid status of populations in low-income countries. The objective was to describe the fatty acid composition of red blood cells (RBC) in breastfeed Nepali infants and a subsample of their mothers and to identify the main sources of fatty acids in the mother's diet, as well as the fatty acid composition of breast milk. METHODS: RBC fatty acid composition was analyzed in a random sample of 303 infants and 72 mother, along with 68 breastmilk samples. Fatty acid profiles of the most important dietary fat sources were analyzed. Information on mother's diet and intake of fat was collected by three 24-h dietary recalls. RESULTS: In infant RBC's, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was the main n-3 fatty acid, and arachidonic acid (AA) was the major n-6 fatty acid. Total n-6 PUFA was three times higher than total n-3 PUFA. Height-for-age (HAZ) was positively associated with DHA status and AA status in multivariable models. The concentration of all fatty acids was higher in children, compared to mothers, except Total n-6 PUFA and Linoleic acid (LA) where no differences were found. The mother's energy intake from fat was 13% and cooking oil (sesame, mustard, soybean or sunflower oil) contributed 52% of the fat intake. CONCLUSIONS: RBC-DHA levels in both infants and mother was unexpected high taking into account few dietary DHA sources and the low DHA concentrations in breastmilk.
PURPOSE:Essential fatty acids play a critical role in the growth and development of infants, but little is known about the fatty acid status of populations in low-income countries. The objective was to describe the fatty acid composition of red blood cells (RBC) in breastfeed Nepali infants and a subsample of their mothers and to identify the main sources of fatty acids in the mother's diet, as well as the fatty acid composition of breast milk. METHODS: RBC fatty acid composition was analyzed in a random sample of 303 infants and 72 mother, along with 68 breastmilk samples. Fatty acid profiles of the most important dietary fat sources were analyzed. Information on mother's diet and intake of fat was collected by three 24-h dietary recalls. RESULTS: In infant RBC's, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was the main n-3 fatty acid, and arachidonic acid (AA) was the major n-6 fatty acid. Total n-6 PUFA was three times higher than total n-3 PUFA. Height-for-age (HAZ) was positively associated with DHA status and AA status in multivariable models. The concentration of all fatty acids was higher in children, compared to mothers, except Total n-6 PUFA and Linoleic acid (LA) where no differences were found. The mother's energy intake from fat was 13% and cooking oil (sesame, mustard, soybean or sunflower oil) contributed 52% of the fat intake. CONCLUSIONS: RBC-DHA levels in both infants and mother was unexpected high taking into account few dietary DHA sources and the low DHA concentrations in breastmilk.
Authors: Palle Valentiner-Branth; Prakash S Shrestha; Ram K Chandyo; Maria Mathisen; Sudha Basnet; Nita Bhandari; Ramesh K Adhikari; Halvor Sommerfelt; Tor A Strand Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2010-04-07 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Martine F Luxwolda; Remko S Kuipers; Jan-Hein Koops; Stefan Muller; Deti de Graaf; D A Janneke Dijck-Brouwer; Frits A J Muskiet Journal: Br J Nutr Date: 2013-10-31 Impact factor: 3.718
Authors: Nirupa R Matthan; Esther M Ooi; Linda Van Horn; Marian L Neuhouser; Richard Woodman; Alice H Lichtenstein Journal: J Am Heart Assoc Date: 2014-08-13 Impact factor: 5.501
Authors: Sigrun Henjum; Ingrid Kvestad; Merina Shrestha; Manjeswori Ulak; Ram K Chandyo; Andrew L Thorne-Lyman; Prakash S Shrestha; Marian Kjellevold; Mari Hysing; Tor A Strand Journal: Nutr J Date: 2018-07-19 Impact factor: 3.271