Simona Giardina1, Aleix Sala-Vila2, Pablo Hernández-Alonso3, Carlos Calvo2, Jordi Salas-Salvadó3, Mònica Bulló4. 1. Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Health Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain. 2. Lipid Clinic, Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. 3. Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Health Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. 4. Human Nutrition Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Health Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: monica.bullo@urv.cat.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cell membrane fatty acid (FA) composition may play a role in human metabolic diseases. However, the modulatory effect of nutrients other than fat is poorly explored. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of moderate-carbohydrate diets with different glycemic indices (GI) and a low-fat diet (LF) on red blood cell (RBC) FA membrane composition. DESIGN: The RBC FA profile was measured in 87 subjects from the GLYNDIET study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the following energy-restricted diet for 6 months: moderate-carbohydrate/low-GI diet (LGI, n = 31), moderate-carbohydrate/high-GI diet (HGI, n = 30) or LF-diet (n = 26). RESULTS: We observed a significant increase in C20:0 and decrease in C20:3n-6 in the LGI and HGI groups compared to LF group. Compared to LF-diet, C22:4n-6 was lower after the HGI while C22:6n-3 was higher after LGI diet. Also, a tendency was found for higher concentrations of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFA) in LGI compared to HGI and LF groups. The intra-group analysis showed significantly increased levels of total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) after LGI and HGI interventions, as well as a significant increase in C22:5n-6 and a decrease in LCn-3PUFA and omega-3-index after the LF diet. The decrease in C20:5n-3 after HGI and LF diets was also significant. CONCLUSION: Diets with a moderate amount of carbohydrates and healthy fat, mainly with LGI, modify the RBC fatty acid membrane composition.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Cell membrane fatty acid (FA) composition may play a role in human metabolic diseases. However, the modulatory effect of nutrients other than fat is poorly explored. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of moderate-carbohydrate diets with different glycemic indices (GI) and a low-fat diet (LF) on red blood cell (RBC) FA membrane composition. DESIGN: The RBC FA profile was measured in 87 subjects from the GLYNDIET study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the following energy-restricted diet for 6 months: moderate-carbohydrate/low-GI diet (LGI, n = 31), moderate-carbohydrate/high-GI diet (HGI, n = 30) or LF-diet (n = 26). RESULTS: We observed a significant increase in C20:0 and decrease in C20:3n-6 in the LGI and HGI groups compared to LF group. Compared to LF-diet, C22:4n-6 was lower after the HGI while C22:6n-3 was higher after LGI diet. Also, a tendency was found for higher concentrations of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3PUFA) in LGI compared to HGI and LF groups. The intra-group analysis showed significantly increased levels of total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) after LGI and HGI interventions, as well as a significant increase in C22:5n-6 and a decrease in LCn-3PUFA and omega-3-index after the LF diet. The decrease in C20:5n-3 after HGI and LF diets was also significant. CONCLUSION: Diets with a moderate amount of carbohydrates and healthy fat, mainly with LGI, modify the RBC fatty acid membrane composition.
Authors: Jinhyuk Na; Adnan Khan; Jae Kwan Kim; Abdul Wadood; Young Lan Choe; Douglas I Walker; Dean P Jones; Chae Seung Lim; Youngja Hwang Park Journal: Metabolomics Date: 2019-12-23 Impact factor: 4.290
Authors: Nirupa R Matthan; Kathryn Barger; Judith Wylie-Rosett; Xiaonan Xue; Adriana E Groisman-Perelstein; Pamela M Diamantis; Mindy Ginsberg; Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani; Alice H Lichtenstein Journal: Curr Dev Nutr Date: 2021-12-23
Authors: Sara Castro-Barquero; Ana María Ruiz-León; Maria Sierra-Pérez; Ramon Estruch; Rosa Casas Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-09-29 Impact factor: 5.717