Michael Kotlyar1, Bruce R Lindgren2, John P Vuchetich3, Chap Le2, Anne M Mills4, Elizabeth Amiot4, Dorothy K Hatsukami5. 1. Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 7-153 Weaver Densford Hall, 308 Harvard St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454, United States. Electronic address: kotly001@umn.edu. 2. Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 806 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States. 3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454, United States. 4. Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 7-153 Weaver Densford Hall, 308 Harvard St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States. 5. Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, 2450 Riverside Ave, Minneapolis, MN 55454, United States; Tobacco Research Programs, University of Minnesota, 717 Delaware Street SE, Minnneapolis, MN 55414, United States.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Smokers are often advised to use nicotine lozenge when craving or withdrawal symptoms occur. This may be too late to prevent lapses. This study assessed if nicotine lozenge use prior to a common smoking trigger can minimize trigger induced increases in craving and withdrawal symptoms. METHODS:Eighty-four smokers completed two laboratory sessions in random order. At one session, nicotine lozenge was given immediately after a stressor (to approximate current recommended use - i.e., after craving and withdrawal symptoms occur); at the other session subjects were randomized to receive nicotine lozenge at time points ranging from immediately to 30min prior to the stressor. Withdrawal symptoms and urge to smoke were measured using the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale and the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU). RESULTS: Relative to receiving lozenge after the stressor, a smaller increase in pre-stressor to post-stressor withdrawal symptom scores occurred when lozenge was used immediately (p=0.03) and 10min prior (p=0.044) to the stressor. Results were similar for factors 1 and 2 of the QSU when lozenge was used immediately prior to the stressor (p<0.03) and for factor 1 of the QSU when lozenge was used 10min prior to the stressor (p=0.028). Absolute levels of post-stressor withdrawal symptom and urge to smoke severity were lower when lozenge was given prior to versus after a stressor. CONCLUSIONS: Administering the nicotine lozenge prior to a smoking trigger can decrease trigger induced craving and withdrawal symptoms. Future studies are needed to determine if such use would increase cessation rates. Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT01522963.
RCT Entities:
INTRODUCTION: Smokers are often advised to use nicotine lozenge when craving or withdrawal symptoms occur. This may be too late to prevent lapses. This study assessed if nicotine lozenge use prior to a common smoking trigger can minimize trigger induced increases in craving and withdrawal symptoms. METHODS: Eighty-four smokers completed two laboratory sessions in random order. At one session, nicotine lozenge was given immediately after a stressor (to approximate current recommended use - i.e., after craving and withdrawal symptoms occur); at the other session subjects were randomized to receive nicotine lozenge at time points ranging from immediately to 30min prior to the stressor. Withdrawal symptoms and urge to smoke were measured using the Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale and the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges (QSU). RESULTS: Relative to receiving lozenge after the stressor, a smaller increase in pre-stressor to post-stressor withdrawal symptom scores occurred when lozenge was used immediately (p=0.03) and 10min prior (p=0.044) to the stressor. Results were similar for factors 1 and 2 of the QSU when lozenge was used immediately prior to the stressor (p<0.03) and for factor 1 of the QSU when lozenge was used 10min prior to the stressor (p=0.028). Absolute levels of post-stressor withdrawal symptom and urge to smoke severity were lower when lozenge was given prior to versus after a stressor. CONCLUSIONS: Administering the nicotine lozenge prior to a smoking trigger can decrease trigger induced craving and withdrawal symptoms. Future studies are needed to determine if such use would increase cessation rates. Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT01522963.
Authors: Sherry A McKee; Rajita Sinha; Andrea H Weinberger; Mehmet Sofuoglu; Emily L R Harrison; Meaghan Lavery; Jesse Wanzer Journal: J Psychopharmacol Date: 2010-09-03 Impact factor: 4.153
Authors: Daniel Du; Mitchell Nides; James Borders; Alex Selmani; William Waverczak Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 2014-04-30 Impact factor: 4.530
Authors: Sudie E Back; Angela E Waldrop; Michael E Saladin; Sharon D Yeatts; Annie Simpson; Aimee L McRae; Himanshu P Upadhyaya; Regana Contini Sisson; Eve G Spratt; Julia Allen; Mary Jeanne Kreek; Kathleen T Brady Journal: Psychoneuroendocrinology Date: 2008-03-05 Impact factor: 4.905
Authors: Zachary J Kunicki; Mats Hallgren; Lisa A Uebelacker; Richard A Brown; Lawrence H Price; Ana M Abrantes Journal: Addict Behav Date: 2021-10-19 Impact factor: 3.913
Authors: Jed E Rose; Frederique M Behm; Tanaia L Botts; David R Botts; Perry N Willette; Frank Vocci; John McCarty Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Date: 2022-06-30 Impact factor: 4.415
Authors: Michael Kotlyar; Rachel I Vogel; Sheena R Dufresne; Anne M Mills; John P Vuchetich Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2019-11-02 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Tyler N A Winkelman; Becky R Ford; Shira Dunsiger; Michelle Chrastek; Sarah Cameron; Ella Strother; Beth C Bock; Andrew M Busch Journal: JAMA Netw Open Date: 2021-07-01