The effects of ACTH 1-17 on GH secretion in vitro.

Recently we demonstrated that ACTH 1-17 infusion in normal subjects is able to stimulate growth hormone (GH) secretion. In order to study the mechanism by which ACTH 1-17 induces this hormonal secretory pattern, we examined the effects of ACTH 1-17 addition to primary cultures of rat anterior pituitary cells and of two human pituitary adenomas (a mixed GH- and PRL-secreting adenoma and a prolactinoma) on GH and PRL secretion. Normal rat pituitary cells responded to rGRF with a dose-dependent increase of rGH: ACTH 1-17 induced a slight not significant increase of rGH secretion even at micromolar concentrations. Furthermore no additive effect of ACTH 1-17 on rGRF-stimulated GH release was observed. No significant stimulatory effect was also documented in the human tumors studied. These results suggest that the GH releasing activity of ACTH 1-17 observed in vivo is mediated via a direct action on CNS.