Karl E Minges1, Robin Whittemore2, Stuart A Weinzimer3, Melinda L Irwin4, Nancy S Redeker2, Margaret Grey2. 1. School of Nursing, Yale University, West Haven, CT, United States. Electronic address: karl.minges@yale.edu. 2. School of Nursing, Yale University, West Haven, CT, United States. 3. School of Nursing, Yale University, West Haven, CT, United States; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States. 4. Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
Abstract
AIMS: To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to examine the associations among socio-demographic, clinical, and self-management factors by weight status. METHODS: We analyzed baseline data obtained from 5529 adolescents with T1D (mean age=15.4±1.4years, 51.8% male, 77.9% white, mean HbA1c=8.7±1.8%; 72mmol/mol) from the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry. We examined correlates of weight status using multinomial logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Overweight (22.9%) and obesity (13.1%) were prevalent in the overall sample and was highest among girls (40.8%) and adolescents of Hispanic/Latino race/ethnicity (46.1%). Female gender, older age, annual household income <$35,000 (vs. ≥$200,000), high school parental educational attainment (vs. ≥graduate degree), lower HbA1c, longer duration of T1D, higher amount of insulin, and a recent visit with an allied healthcare provider were independently and significantly associated with higher odds of overweight or obesity. Adolescents who self-rated their health as fair/poor (vs. excellent) had the highest odds of obesity (OR 3.92, 95% CI 2.53-6.06). CONCLUSIONS: Overweight/obesity is prevalent among adolescents with T1D, especially among girls and those of diverse race/ethnicity. Some of these factors may be amenable to remediation and point to subgroups that can benefit from obesity prevention and management efforts.
AIMS: To describe the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to examine the associations among socio-demographic, clinical, and self-management factors by weight status. METHODS: We analyzed baseline data obtained from 5529 adolescents with T1D (mean age=15.4±1.4years, 51.8% male, 77.9% white, mean HbA1c=8.7±1.8%; 72mmol/mol) from the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry. We examined correlates of weight status using multinomial logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Overweight (22.9%) and obesity (13.1%) were prevalent in the overall sample and was highest among girls (40.8%) and adolescents of Hispanic/Latino race/ethnicity (46.1%). Female gender, older age, annual household income <$35,000 (vs. ≥$200,000), high school parental educational attainment (vs. ≥graduate degree), lower HbA1c, longer duration of T1D, higher amount of insulin, and a recent visit with an allied healthcare provider were independently and significantly associated with higher odds of overweight or obesity. Adolescents who self-rated their health as fair/poor (vs. excellent) had the highest odds of obesity (OR 3.92, 95% CI 2.53-6.06). CONCLUSIONS: Overweight/obesity is prevalent among adolescents with T1D, especially among girls and those of diverse race/ethnicity. Some of these factors may be amenable to remediation and point to subgroups that can benefit from obesity prevention and management efforts.
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